Table 1 Summary of the effects of various interventions on the sublingual microcirculation
Condition | Number of patients | Intervention | Effects on sublingual microcirculation | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Septic shock | 8 | Nitroglycerin | Increase in MFI | [25] |
Severe sepsis or septic shock | 25 | Fluid therapy with saline or HES | Increase in PVD, PPV, and MFI | [34] |
| Â | Â | Â | Decrease in FHI | Â |
Severe sepsis | 37 | Fluid therapy with RL (n = 16) or HES (n = 21) within 24 h | Increase in TVD, PVD, and PPV | [35] |
| Â | 23 | Fluid therapy with RL (n = 13) or HES (n = 10) after 48 h | No changes in TVD, PVD, and PPV | Â |
Post-major gastrointestinal surgery | 45 45 45 | Fluid therapy with RS and CS guided by CVP Fluid therapy with RS and CS guided by SV Fluid therapy with RS and CS guided by SV + dopexamine | Decrease in PVD No changes in PVD Increase in PVD | [36] |
Severe sepsis | 9 11 | EGDT with HES EGDT with saline | At the end of EGDT, PVD, PPV, and MFI were higher and FHI was lower in HES-treated patients | [37] |
Severe sepsis | 35 | Blood transfusion | Globally no change in microcirculation, but negative correlation with baseline perfusion | [38] |
Cardiac surgery | 12 | Blood transfusion | Increase in TVD and PVD No changes in MFI | [39] |
Septic shock | 16 | Norepinephrine | No changes in MFI, TVD, PVD, PPV, or FHI | [42] |
Septic shock | 20 | Norepinephrine | Globally no change in microcirculation, but negative correlation with baseline perfusion | [43] |
Septic shock | 22 | Dobutamine (intravenous; n = 22) + acetylcholine (topical; n = 10) | Dobutamine increased capillary perfusion, but not capillary density. Acetylcholine completely restored capillary perfusion | [44] |
Sepsis | 35 35 | Nitroglycerin Placebo | No differences in MFI between groups | [45] |
Acute heart failure | 20 | Nitroglycerin | Increase in PVD, which was reversed after cessation of nitroglycerin | [46] |
Cardiogenic shock End-stage chronic heart failure | 19 8 | Nitroglycerin | Dose-dependent increase in PVD | [47] |
Severe sepsis | 20 | Activated protein C | Increase in PPV, which was reversed after cessation of activated protein C | [52] |