| Inflamed (n= 46) | Noninflamed patients (n= 54) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Delirium (n= 26) | Nondelirium (n= 20) | P value | Delirium (n= 24) | Nondelirium (n= 30) | Pvalue | ||||
Proinflammatory cytokines | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
TNF-α (pg/ml) | 13 | [10-16] | 11 | [5-18] | 0.17 | 8 | [5-13] | 7 | [5-11] | 0.18 |
IL-1β (pg/ml) | 3 | [3-6] | 4 | [3-17] | 0.67 | 3 | [3-6] | 3 | [3-6] | 0.69 |
IL-6 (pg/ml) | 73 | [38-143] | 41 | [21-90] | 0.09 | 50 | [29-90] | 34 | [22-64] | 0.047a |
IL-8 (pg/ml) | 31 | [24-44] | 17 | [9-26] | < 0.001a | 20 | [12-32] | 14 | [9-22] | 0.001a |
IL-17 (pg/ml) | 4 | [3-7] | 3 | [3-6] | 0.22 | 3 | [3-4] | 3 | [3-3] | 0.63 |
IL-18 (pg/ml) | 136 | [88-187] | 84 | [65-132] | 0.03a | 82 | [66-141] | 88 | [72-120] | 0.54 |
MIF (pg/ml) | 438 | [294-796] | 257 | [157-576] | 0.13 | 334 | [214-561] | 249 | [179-702] | 0.08 |
Antiinflammatory cytokines | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
IL-1ra (pg/ml) | 48 | [27-74] | 32 | [18-47] | 0.04a | 24 | [17-51] | 16 | [11-25] | 0.02a |
IL-10 (pg/ml) | 23 | [13-47] | 13 | [5-35] | 0.08 | 28 | [12-44] | 22 | [9-46] | 0.03a |
Chemotactic cytokines | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
MCP-1 (pg/ml) | 516 | [295-822] | 251 | [199-339] | 0.001a | 268 | [192-398] | 233 | [175-306] | 0.15 |
Defensin | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
HNP (μg/ml) | 0.06 | [0.03-0.13] | 0.07 | [0.03-0.09] | 0.60 | 0.06 | [0.04-0.10] | 0.04 | [0.03-0.10] | 0.51 |
Markers of inflammation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
CRP (mg/ml) | 84 | [56-190] | 84 | [43-140] | 0.40 | 42 | [29-65] | 41 | [27-64] | 0.44 |
Procalcitonin (ng/ml) | 1.0 | [0.23-2.0] | 0.28 | [0.10-0.64] | 0.003a | 0.22 | [0.11-0.55] | 0.12 | [0.06-0.18] | 0.01a |
Stress-response hormone | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | ||
Cortisol (μmol/L) | 0.59 | [0.34-0.98] | 0.48 | [0.18-0.61] | 0.06 | 0.46 | [0.23-0.72] | 0.30 | [0.06-0.66] | 0.06 |
Brain-specific proteins | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
S100-β (pg/ml) | 172 | [113-409] | 134 | [88-163] | 0.07 | 128 | [87-210] | 136 | [92-247] | 0.60 |
Tau (pg/ml) | 42 | [26-131] | 43 | [24-75] | 0.56 | 40 | [21-78] | 27 | [17-46] | 0.08 |
Ratio tau/Aβ1-42 | 1.03 | [0.62-3.45] | 1.12 | [0.40-2.21] | 0.68 | 1.17 | [0.60-2.52] | 0.90 | [0.48-1.26] | 0.07 |
Aβ1-42 (pg/ml) | 41 | [31-52] | 38 | [31-42] | 0.36 | 34 | [26-43] | 36 | [30-42] | 0.55 |
Aβ1-40 (pg/ml) | 158 | [132-229] | 155 | [137-178] | 0.55 | 148 | [109-223] | 129 | [106-158] | 0.08 |
Ratio Aβ1-42/40 | 0.23 | [0.20-0.28] | 0.24 | [0.22-0.26] | 0.72 | 0.22 | [0.19-0.26] | 0.26 | [0.23-0.33] | 0.001a |
AβN-42 (pg/ml) | 31 | [26-43] | 29 | [24-39] | 0.57 | 28 | [20-37] | 28 | [24-35] | 0.79 |
AβN-40 (pg/ml) | 200 | [167-283] | 184 | [147-229] | 0.24 | 225 | [168-273] | 178 | [145-220] | 0.04a |
Ratio Aβ N-42/40 | 0.16 | [0.13-0.18] | 0.18 | [0.12-0.19] | 0.47 | 0.13 | [0.10-0.17] | 0.16 | [0.14-0.20] | 0.02a |
Ratio Aβ1-42/N-42 | 1.28 | [1.00-1.39] | 1.31 | [1.18-1.48] | 0.26 | 1.24 | [1.04-1.33] | 1.23 | [1.05-1.39] | 0.90 |
Ratio Aβ1-40/N-40 | 0.82 | [0.74-0.89] | 0.89 | [0.73-0.96] | 0.27 | 0.72 | [0.65-0.84] | 0.76 | [0.70-0.87] | 0.35 |