|
ALI/ARDS
|
Low tidal volume ventilation with PEEP table
|
Decrease in mortality and unassisted breathing before discharge to home (39.8 to 31%), and increase in ventilator free days (10 ± 11 to 12 ± 11 days)
|
ARMA [7]
|
|
Severe sepsis/septic shock
|
Early goal-directed therapy
|
Reduction in in-hospital mortality (46.5% to 30.5%)
|
Rivers et al. [24]
|
|
Liberation from MV support
|
Spontaneous breathing trials
|
Reduction in length of MV support (6 days to 4.5 days), and more rapid extubation after meeting criteria (after 1 day rather than 3 days)
|
Ely et al. [16]
|
|
Sedation
|
Daily awakenings
|
Reduction in length of MV support (7.3 days to 4.9 days), and reduction in ICU LOS (9.9 days to 6.4 days)
|
Kress et al. [15]
|
|
Anemia
|
Restrictive transfusions
|
No change in 30-day mortality (18.7% for restrictive group and 23.3% for liberal group); reduction in hospital mortality for restrictive group (28.1% to 22.2%)
|
Hebert et al. [23]
|
|
Ischemic stroke
|
tPA within 3 hours
|
Improved clinical outcome at 3 months as assessed by four outcome measures (Barthel index, modified Rankin scale, Glasgow outcome scale and NIHSS)
|
NINDS rt-PA [18]
|
|
VT/VF arrest
|
Hypothermia
|
Favorable neurologic recovery (55% versus 39%) and decreased mortality at 6 months (55% to 41%) [19]; increased odds ratio for discharge to home or rehabilitation (5.25, 95% CI of 1.47 to 18.76) [20]
|
Hypothermia After Cardiac Arrest Study Group [19]; Bernard et al. [20]
|
