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Table 2 Prognostic factors of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

From: The association between serum adhesion molecules and outcome in acute spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage

 

Poor outcome

n = 43

Good outcome

n = 17

Odds ratio

P value

Age in years, mean ± standard deviation

    

Men

31

11

1.409

0.755

   Underlying diseases

    

   Hypertension

40

15

1.778

0.616

   Diabetes mellitus

10

0

 

0.049a

   Asthma

2

0

 

1.000

   Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

5

2

0.987

1.000

   Atrial fibrillation

3

2

0.563

0.616

   Coronary artery disease

3

1

1.200

1.000

   Hyperlipidermia

9

10

0.185

0.012a

   Smoking

25

9

1.235

0.777

Clinical feature at presentation

    

   Headache

19

7

1.131

1.000

   Brief unconsciousness

26

14

0.328

0.136

   Mentality change

24

4

4.105

0.043a

   Seizure

2

0

 

1.000

Laboratory data at presentation, median (IQR)

    

   White blood cell count, × 103/mL

8.7 (6.8, 10.6)

7.2 (5.7, 10.0)

 

0.144

   Platelet count, × 103/mL

206.0 (160.0, 259.0)

205.0 (171.5, 218.5)

 

0.512

Brain image findings at presentation

    

   Intracerebral hemorrhage volume in cubic millimeters, median (IQR)

12.0 (7.0, 34.0)

7.2 (2.0, 17.5)

 

0.036a

   Intraventricular hemorrhage

18

1

11.52

0.006a

   Hydrocephalus

9

0

 

0.050

Glasgow Coma Scale score at presentation, median (IQR)

14 (9, 15)

15 (15, 15)

 

≤0.001a

Surgical intervention

16

0

 

0.003a

   Extraventricular drainage

5

0

 

0.309

   Craniotomy

10

0

 

0.049a

   Craniectomy

3

0

 

0.511

Serum adhesion molecule levels in nanograms per milliliter at presentation, median (IQR)

    

   sL-selectin

771.5 (638.9, 922.4)

675.6 (641.5, 783.2)

 

0.111

   sP-selectin

85.7 (58.9, 97.9)

80.3 (60.2, 93.8)

 

0.3664

   sE-selectin

43.3 (33.4, 63.6)

32.8 (21.3, 45.7)

 

0.036a

   sICAM-1

208.2 (174.4, 259.3)

170.3 (100.2, 228.3)

 

0.019a

   sVCAM-1

709.7 (559.1, 938.8)

653.9 (502.0, 947.0)

 

0.353

Delayed cerebral infarction

4

1

0.609

1.000

Days of intensive care unit stay, median (IQR)

5 (2.8, 8.3)

2 (1.5,3.5)

 

≤0.001a

Days of hospitalization, median (IQR)

15 (12.8, 22.3)

11 (7, 13)

 

≤0.001a

  1. Values in the 'Poor outcome' and 'Good outcome' columns are presented as number of patients unless indicated otherwise. The following tests were used: Student t test (for age), Mann-Whitney U test (for laboratory data and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule at admission), and Fisher exact test (for gender and underlying diseases). a p≦0.05; IQR, interquartile range; sE-selectin, soluble endothelial selectin; sICAM-1, soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1; sL-selectin, soluble leukocyte selectin; sP-selectin, soluble platelet selectin; sVCAM-1, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1.
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Critical Care

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