Improved ICU design reduces acquisition of antibiotic-resistant bacteria: a quasi-experimental observational study

Table 2 Prevalence of resistant bacteria on admission and incidence of resistant bacteria acquisition during ICU stay

	Pre-A	Pre-B	Pre-A vs. pre-B	Post-A	Post-B	Post-A vs. post-B
Prevalence of resistant bacteria on admission
Acinetobacter baumannii^a	11/62 (18)	6/44 (14)	0.570	5/62 (8)	1/39 (3)	0.401
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae	0/62 (0)	0/44 (0)	-	4/62 (6)	1/39 (3)	0.646
ESBL Enterobacteriaceae^a	11/62 (18)	6/44 (14)	0.570	8/62 (13)	3/39 (8)	0.523
MRSA	5/62 (8)	4/44 (9)	1.000	2/62 (3)	0/39 (0)	0.521
VRE	5/62 (8)	1/44 (2)	0.397	0/62 (0)	3/39 (8)	0.055
Any resistant organism	25/62 (40)	13/44 (30)	0.253	11/62 (18)	7/39 (18)	0.979
Acquisition of resistant bacteria during ICU stay
Acinetobacter baumannii^a	8/51 (16)	5/38 (13)	0.738	1/57 (2)	3/38 (8)	0.298
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae	0/62 (0)	1/44 (2)	0.415	0/58 (0)	2/38 (5)	0.154
ESBL Enterobacteriaceae^a	4/51 (8)	2/38 (5)	1.000	1/54 (2)	0/36 (0)	1.000
MRSA	3/57 (5)	2/40 (5)	1.000	0/60 (0)	3/39 (8)	0.058
VRE	1/57 (2)	0/43 (0)	1.000	1/62 (2)	0/36 (0)	1.000
Any resistant organism	14/62 (23)	9/44 (20)	0.794	3/62 (5)	7/39 (18)	0.043

Data presented as number of positive patients/patients at risk (%) or P value. The denominator for admission prevalence is the total number of study patients included. The denominator for ICU acquisition is determined by number of included patients minus patients with resistant bacteria on admission. As no patients were colonized/infected with all five resistant organisms on admission, the denominator for ICU acquisition of any of the resistant organisms remained equivalent to the total study population. ESBL, extended spectrum β-lactamase; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; VRE, vancomycin-resistant enterococci. pre-A, pre-move ICU-A; pre-B, pre-move ICU-B; post-A, post-move ICU-A; post-B, post-move ICU-B;. ^aResistant to at least ceftazidime.

ISSN: 1364-8535