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Table 5 In your opinion, what best predicts an increase in cardiac output following volume expansion?

From: Hemodynamic monitoring and management in patients undergoing high risk surgery: a survey among North American and European anesthesiologists

 

ASA Respondents (n = 190)

ESA Respondents (n = 158)

Answer options

Response percent

Response percent

Transesophageal echocardiography

26.8%

17.7%

Cardiac output

21.1%

20.9%

Blood pressure

14.2%

5.7%

Pulse pressure variation or systolic pressure variation

12.1%

12.0%

Mixed venous saturation (ScvO2)

7.9%

5.7%

Stroke volume variation

5.8%

21.5%

Clinical experience

5.3%

3.2%

Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure

2.1%

3.2%

Central venous saturation (SvO2)

2.1%

1.9%

Central venous pressure

1.1%

3.2%

Global end diastolic volume

1.1%

3.8%

Plethysmographic waveform variations

0.5%

1.3%

  1. ASA, American society of anesthesiology respondents; ESA, European society of anesthesiology respondents.