Fig. 1

a An example of highly granular MAP data (with one second resolution) of a patient during CPB. The AUC between the threshold of 65 mmHg MAP and the respective MAP measurements is depicted as red shaded area. The AUC was calculated using the trapezoidal rule. Time-weighted average MAP under 65 mmHg was calculated as AUC divided by total CPB time. Start and stop of CPB are depicted as vertical black dashed lines, whereas the 65 mmHg MAP threshold is depicted as horizontal red dashed line. The x-axis shows the surgery times in minutes, and the y-axis shows the MAP in mmHg. b Predicted probabilities for the primary outcome of CSA-AKI derived from logistic regression models are shown. The 95%-CI is depicted as red shaded area. The data suggest a higher probability for CSA-AKI with increasing TWA-MAP under 65 mmHg during CPB. AUC—area under the curve; CSA-AKI—cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury; CI—confidence interval; CPB—cardiopulmonary bypass; MAP—mean arterial pressure; TWA—time-weighted average