Video versus direct laryngoscopy in critically ill patients: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of included studies

First Author, Year^{Ref. #} (Study Acronym or Registry)	Settings	Number of patients	Mean age (y)	Devices	Difficult airway	Intubators’ experience*	RSI	NMBAs
Prekker et al. [23] (DEVICE)	ICU and ED	1417	52	Any VL vs. DL	9.1%	Experienced	NA	Most
Dharanindra et al. [15]	ICU	143	48	King Vision vs. DL	21.7%	Experienced	All	All
Ajith et al. [14]	ED	76	NA	McGrath MAC vs. DL	0%	Inexperienced	DSI	None
Sanguanwit et al. [24]	ED	158	69	GlideScope vs. DL	12.7%	Inexperienced	Most	NA
Dey et al. [25]	ICU	218	47	C-MAC vs. Macintosh	NA	Experienced	NA	Most
Abdelgalel and Mowafy [26]	ICU	120	43	GlideScope vs. Airtraq vs. DL	NA	Experienced	All	All
Gao et al. [27]	ICU	167	69	UEScope vs. DL	9.2%	Unclear	NA	None
Lascarrou et al. [11] (MACMAN)	ICU	371	68	McGrath MAC vs. DL	19.4%	Inexperienced	NA	All
Driver et al. [28]	ED	198	52	C-MAC vs. DL	27.3%	Experienced	Most	Most
Goksu et al. [33]	ED	150	37	C-MAC vs. DL	NA	Inexperienced	All	NA
Janz et al. [29] (FELLOW)	ICU	150	59	McGrath MAC (98.6%), GlideScope (1.4%) vs DL	4.0%	Experienced	NA	All
Sulser et al. [30]	ED	150	54	C-MAC vs. DL	NA	Experienced	All	As needed
Yeatts et al. [31]	ED	623	44	GlideScope vs. DL	NA	Inexperienced	All	All
Griesdale et al. [32] (VICI)	ICU	40	65	GlideScope vs. DL	15.0%	Inexperienced	All	All

Abbreviations: DL; direct laryngoscopy; ED; emergency department; ICU; intensive care unit; RCT; randomized controlled trial; RSI; rapid sequence intubation; DSI, delayed sequence intubation; VL; videolaryngoscopy. Notes: * Defined in Additional file 1: Supplemental Methods 5

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