Lactic acidosis and severe septic shock in metformin users: a cohort study

Table 3 A comparison, among metformin users, of clinical characteristics between survivors and nonsurvivors

Variable	Survivors	Nonsurvivors
Variable	N = 19	n = 25	p
pH (mean ± SD)	7.06 ± 0.29	7.05 ± 0.16	0.93
Bicarbonate (mEq/L) (mean ± SD)	11.6 ± 6.4	10.4 ± 5.2	0.52
APACHE II (mean ± SD)	16.0 ± 6.1	28.8 ± 8.2	0.006
Morscore^* (median, range)	22.0 (9.7–34.5)	59.6 (37.7–78.9)	0.01
Creatinine^* (md/dL) (median, range)	1.65 (1.29–5.08)	1.95 (1.50–2.88)	0.73
Pread cre^* (mg/dL) (median, range)	0.85 (0.66–1.70)	0.87 (0.70–1.15)	0.83
Anion gap (mean ± SD)	30.4 ± 10.0	28.1 ± 8.6	0.46
HD^** (%)	52.6	28.0	0.028
Body temperature (°C) (mean ± SD)	36.2 ± 1.5	36.0 ± 1.0	0.67

Data are represented as means ± standard deviations (SD), medians and ranges, or percentages
APACHE II acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II, Morscore mortality score, based on APACHE II score, Pread cre preadmission creatinine, HD hemodialysis
p for t test, ^*Mann–Whitney or ^**chi-square

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