Table 1 Patient demographics

All

47

1555

4.3 (0.01 to 16)

20.6 (2.4 to 87)

34% (16)

AA 1.1% (24) H 8.5% (4) C 36.2% (17)

15 (2 to 102)

79% (34)

6.1 (1 to 18)

.68

A. Primary diagnosis

Medical

29

895

4.6 (0.1 to 14)

22.5 (2.9 to 87)

41.4% (12)

AA 51.7% (15) H 10.3% (3) C 31% (9)

13.4 (2 to 41)

66% (19)

6.2 (1 to 15)

.71

Cardiac surgery

10

222

1.2 (0.01 to 7)

7.5 (2.4 to 20.2)

40% (4)

AA 30% (3) H 10% (1) C 60% (6)

11 (2 to 44)

70% (7)

3.2 (1 to 7)

.81

Surgery/other

8

438

7.1 (1.9 to 16)

30.2 (12.7 to 59)

0% (0)

AA 75% (6) H 0% (0) C 25% [39]

25.6 (4 to 102)

100% (8)

9.4 (1 to 18)

.50

TBI/ICH

6

113

5.3 (0.1 to 14)

21.4 (3.3 to 50)

16.7% (1)

AA 33.3% [39] H 0% (0) C 66.7% (4)

10.2 (6 to 15)

14% [39]

5.5 (2 to 14)

.59

B. Support

VPI/Inotropes

30

1184

4.4 (0.01 to 16)

19 (2.4 to 87)

43.3% (13)

AA 50% (15) H 10% (3) C 33.3% (10)

17.6 (2 to 102)

80% (24)

6.5 (1 to 18)

.73

IV Steroids

32

1321

4 (0.01 to 16)

20 (2.4 to 87)

31.3% (10)

AA 65.6% (21) H 6.3% [39] C 25% (8)

17.4 (2 to 102)

81% (26)

6.6 (1 to 18)

.69

CVVH

6

495

6.8 (1.3 to 16)

34.7 (8 to 87)

50% (3)

AA 83.3% (5) H 0% (0) C 16.7% (1)

34.5 (12 to 102)

83% (5)

10.3 (4 to 18)

.76

ECMO

3

216

5.8 (1.3 to 16)

39.7 (10 to 87)

33.3% (1)

AA 66.7% [39] H 0% (0) C 33.3% (1)

25 (12 to 38)

100% (3)

12 (8 to 18)

.57

C. CIH

No

13

96

2 (0.04 to 9)

12.8 (2.4 to 55)

30.8% (4)

AA 53.8% (7) H 23.1% (3) C 23.1% (3)

10.1 (2 to 25)

0% (0)

3.3 (1 to 7)

.68

Yes - without insulin therapy

14

324

1.7 (0.01 to 14)

12.2 (2.9 to 74)

35.7% (5)

AA 35.7% (5) H 0% (0) C 50% (7)

14.5 (2 to 41)

100% (14)

6.1 (1 to 13)

.71

Yes - with insulin therapy

20

1135

7.5 (0.01 to 16)

31.7 (3.5 to 87)

35% (7)

AA 60% (12) H 5% (1) C 35% (7)

18.6 (2 to 102)

100% (20)

7.9 (1 to 18)

.67

D. Age

Less than one years

18

374

0.3 (0.01 to 0.8)

5.3 (2.4 to 9.2)

38.9% (7)

AA 38.9% (7) H 11.1% [39] C 44.4% (8)

15.4 (2 to 44)

56% (10)

5.3 (1 to 12)

.75

One to five years

13

416

2.3 (1.2 to 4)

13.7 (10 to 20)

23.1% (3)

AA 61.5% (8) H 7.7% (1) C 23.1% (3)

10.3 (2 to 33)

77% (10)

5.5 (1 to 13)

.64

6 to 10 years

9

488

7.6 (6 to 10)

34.9 (20.2 to 87)

44.4% (4)

AA 55.6% (5) H 11.1% (1) C 33.3% (3)

15.2 (2 to 38)

78% (7)

8 (1 to 18)

.73

More than 10 years

7

277

14 (13 to 16)

54.6 (32.4 to 74)

28.6% [39]

AA 57.1% (4) H 0% (0) C 42.9% (3)

22.4 (2 to 102)

100% (7)

6.7 (1 to 14)

.55

E. PELOD

<12

30

604

4.1 (0.01 to 14)

20.3 (2.4 to 74)

30% (30)

AA 46.7% (14) H 13.3% (4) C 33.3% (10)

11.8 (2 to 41)

63% (19)

4.9 (1 to 18)

.69

≥12

17

951

4.6 (0.01 to 16)

21.3 (3.3 to 87)

41.2% (7)

AA 58.8% (10) H 0% (0) C 41.2% (7)

20.6 (3 to 102)

88% (15)

8.2 (1 to 15)

.68

F. ICU LOS

Less than three days

5

45

5 (0.2 to 14)

25.2 (6.2 to 74)

41.2% (7)

AA 60% (3) H 20% (1) C 20% (1)

2 (2 to 2)

60% (3)

1.4 (1 to 2)

.74

Three to seven days

12

139

3.8 (0.1 to 14)

17.9 (3.3 to 67.8)

8.3% (1)

AA 33.3% (4) H 16.7% [39] C 41.7% (5)

5 (3 to 7)

58% (7)

2.2 (1 to 5)

.85

More than seven days

30

1371

4.3 (0.01 to 16)

21 (2.4 to 87)

43.3% (13)

AA 56.7% (17) H 3.3% (1) C 36.7% (11)

21.2 (8 to 102)

80% (24)

8.4 (2 to 18)

.66