Table 1 Characteristics of included randomized placebo-controlled clinical studies
Study | Molecular class | Design | Primary outcome measure |
|---|---|---|---|
Opal et al. (2004) [28] | Platelet activating factor hydrolase | 2 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Abraham et al. (2003) [29] | Tissue factor pathway inhibitor | 2 Parallel Groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Annane et al. (2002) [27] | 'Low-dose' hydrocortisone plus fludrocortisone | 2 Parallel groups Subset by 'responder' to cortisyn stimulation test | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Warren et al. (2001) [35] | Antithrombin III | 2 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Bernard et al. (1997) [44] | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (ibuprofen) | 2 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Fisher et al. (1994) [32] | IL-1ra | 3 Parallel groups (2 active treatment arms) | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Opal et al. (1997) [34] | IL-1ra | 2 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Greenman et al. (1991) [30] | Antiendotoxin antibody (E5) | 2 Parallel groups Subset by Gram-negative infection | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Bone et al. (1995) [22] | Antiendotoxin antibody (E5) | 2 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Angus et al. (2000) [45] | Antiendotoxin antibody (E5) | 2 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Abraham et al. (2001) [33] | p55 TNF receptor fusion protein (lenercept) | 2 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Reinhart et al. (2001) [46] | Anti-TNF antibody (MAK195F) | 2 Parallel groups IL-6 > 1,000 pg/ml | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Cohen and Carlet (1996) [47] | Anti-TNF antibody (BAYx1351) | 3 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Abraham et al. (1995) [31] | Anti-TNF antibody (BAYx1351) | 3 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Abraham et al. (1998) [36] | Anti-TNF antibody (BAYx1351) | 2 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Bernard et al. (2001) [26] | Activated protein C | 2 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Dhainaut et al. (1998) [48] | Platelet activating factor receptor antagonist | 2 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Albertson et al. (2003) [49] | Anti-Enterobacteriaceae common antigen antibody | 2 Parallel groups Subset by Enterobacteriaceae infection | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Lopez et al. (2004) [50] | Nitric oxide synthase inhibitor | 2 Parallel groups | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Ziegler et al. (1991) [25] | Antiendotoxin antibody (HA-1A) | 2 Parallel groups Subset by Gram-negative bacteremia | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Panacek et al. (2004) [37] | Anti-TNF antibody (afelimomab) | 2 Parallel groups Subset by IL-6 levels < or ≥ 1,000 pg/ml | 28-Day all-cause mortality |
Root et al. (2003) [51] | Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (filgrastim) | 2 Parallel groups | 29-Day all-cause mortality |