Fluid balance and urine volume are independent predictors of mortality in acute kidney injury

Table 3 Cox regression analysis for 28-day mortality.

	Unadjusted		Adjusted
			Model 1		Model 2
	HR (95% CI)	P	HR (95% CI)	P	HR (95% CI)	P
Mean fluid balance (L/day)	1.99 (1.68 to 2.36)	<0.001	1.67 (1.33 to 2.09)	<0.001	1.33 (1.002 to 1.77)	0.0048
Mean urine volume (L/day)	0.38 (0.29 to 0.51)	<0.001	0.47 (0.33 to 0.67)	<0.001	0.33 (0.21 to 0.52)	<0.001
Diuretic use	0.40 (0.23 to 0.70)	0.001	0.25 (0.12 to 0.52)	<0.001	0.26 (0.13 to 0.53)	<0.001
Diabetes	1.16 (0.68 to 1.98)	0.58	2.16 (1.09 to 4.26)	0.027	2.08 (1.06 to 4.08)	0.033
Hypertension	1.76 (1.06 to 2.94)	0.03	2.18 (1.12 to 4.22)	0.021	2.17 (1.12 to 4.24)	0.023
MFB*MUV	-	-	-	-	1.53 (1.16-2.01)	0.003

Variables considered for model 1 included age, gender, co-morbid diseases (diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease), non-renal SOFA, sepsis, mean fluid balance, mean urine volume and diuretic use. In model 2, MFB*MUV (interaction term between MFB and MUV) was also included. Only significant variables are shown in the table. HR, hazard ratio; MFB, mean fluid balance; MUV, mean urine volume.

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