Neurocritical illness is a growing healthcare problem with profound socioeconomic effects. We assessed differences in healthcare costs and long-term outcome for different forms of neurocritical illnesses treat...
Authors: R. Raj, S. Bendel, M. Reinikainen, S. Hoppu, R. Laitio, T. Ala-Kokko, S. Curtze and M. B. Skrifvars
Nitric oxide (NO) regulates processes involved in sepsis progression, including vascular and immune function. NO is generated by nitric oxide synthases (NOS) from L-arginine. Cellular L-arginine uptake is inhi...
Authors: Martin Sebastian Winkler, Axel Nierhaus, Gilbert Rösler, Susanne Lezius, Olaf Harlandt, Edzard Schwedhelm, Rainer H. Böger and Stefan Kluge
Despite timely intervention, there exists a small subgroup of patients with septic shock who develop progressive multi-organ failure. Seemingly refractory to conventional therapy, they exhibit a very high mort...
Authors: Prashanth Nandhabalan, Nicholas Ioannou, Christopher Meadows and Duncan Wyncoll
Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) accounts for half of all cardiac deaths in Europe. In recent years, large-scale SCA registries have been set up to enable observational studies into risk factors and the effect of t...
Authors: Marieke A. R. Bak, Marieke T. Blom, Hanno L. Tan and Dick L. Willems
Despite increasing female enrolment into medical schools, persistent gender gaps exist in the physician workforce. There are limited published data on female representation in the critical care medicine workfo...
Authors: Bala Venkatesh, Sangeeta Mehta, Derek C. Angus, Simon Finfer, Flavia R. Machado, John Marshall, Imogen Mitchell, Sandra Peake and Janice L. Zimmerman
Respiratory variations in the inferior vena cava diameter (ΔIVCD) have been studied extensively with respect to their value in predicting fluid responsiveness, but the results are conflicting. The aim of this ...
The consistently observed male predominance of patients in intensive care units (ICUs) has raised concerns about gender-based disparities in ICU access. Comparing rates of ICU admission requires choosing a nor...
Authors: Allan Garland, Kendiss Olafson, Clare D. Ramsey, Marina Yogendranc and Randall Fransoo
Microcirculatory dysfunction develops in both septic and cardiogenic shock patients, and it is associated with poor prognosis in patients with septic shock. Information on the association between microcirculat...
Amikacin infusion requires targeting a peak serum concentration (Cmax) 8–10 times the minimal inhibitory concentration, corresponding to a Cmax of 60–80 mg/L for the least susceptible bacteria to theoretically pr...
Authors: Cyril Touchard, Alexandra Aubry, Philippine Eloy, Nicolas Bréchot, Guillaume Lebreton, Guillaume Franchineau, Sebastien Besset, Guillaume Hékimian, Ania Nieszkowska, Pascal Leprince, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Alain Combes and Matthieu Schmidt
Transthoracic 3D cardiac analysis is enticing in its potential simplicity and wealth of data available. It has been suggested to be accurate vs magnetic resonance imaging in relatively stable patients, but fea...
Authors: Sam Orde, Michel Slama, Nicola Stanley, Stephen Huang and Anthony Mclean
Lung ultrasound may be a reasonable alternative to chest radiography for the identification of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but the diagnostic performance of lung ultrasound for ARDS is uncertai...
Authors: Kay Choong See, Venetia Ong, Yi Lin Tan, Juliet Sahagun and Juvel Taculod
The early prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI) can facilitate timely intervention and prevent complications. We aimed to understand the predictive value of urinary liver-type fatty-acid binding protein (L-F...
Dyscarbia is common in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients and its association to neurological outcome is undetermined.
Authors: Florian Ebner, Matt B. A. Harmon, Anders Aneman, Tobias Cronberg, Hans Friberg, Christian Hassager, Nicole Juffermans, Jesper Kjærgaard, Michael Kuiper, Niklas Mattsson, Paolo Pelosi, Susann Ullén, Johan Undén, Matt P. Wise and Niklas Nielsen
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a devastating infection in tuberculosis endemic areas with limited access to intensive care. Functional outcomes of severe adult TBM patients admitted to the ICU in nonendemic a...
Authors: Marie Cantier, Adeline Morisot, Emmanuel Guérot, Bruno Megarbane, Keyvan Razazi, Damien Contou, Eric Mariotte, Emmanuel Canet, Etienne De Montmollin, Vincent Dubée, Eric Boulet, Stéphane Gaudry, Guillaume Voiriot, Julien Mayaux, Frédéric Pène, Mathilde Neuville…
Sepsis remains a critical problem with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. One of the problems we have in critical care is the need to find a good biomarker of sepsis to determine the existence of bacteria...
Authors: Masahiro Nishibori, Hidenori Wake and Hiroshi Morimatsu
To better understand the epidemiology and patterns of tracheostomy practice for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), we investigated the current usage of tracheostomy in patients with ARDS...
Authors: Toshikazu Abe, Fabiana Madotto, Tài Pham, Isao Nagata, Masatoshi Uchida, Nanako Tamiya, Kiyoyasu Kurahashi, Giacomo Bellani and John G. Laffey
Authors: Sabri Soussi, Mette M. Berger, Kirsten Colpaert, Martin W. Dünser, Anne Berit Guttormsen, Nicole P. Juffermans, Paul Knape, Guniz Koksal, Athina Lavrentieva, Thomas Leclerc, José A. Lorente, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Philipp Metnitz, Olivier Pantet, Paolo Pelosi, Anne-Françoise Rousseau…
Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a severe condition which can occur after cardiac surgery, especially among patients with pre-existing left ventricular dysfunction. Dobutamine, its first-line treatment, i...
Authors: Lee S. Nguyen, Pierre Squara, Julien Amour, Daniel Carbognani, Kamel Bouabdallah, Stéphane Thierry, Caroline Apert-Verneuil, Aurélie Moyne and Bernard Cholley
The clinical utility of serum procalcitonin levels in guiding antibiotic treatment decisions in patients with sepsis remains unclear. This patient-level meta-analysis based on 11 randomized trials investigates...
Authors: Yannick Wirz, Marc A. Meier, Lila Bouadma, Charles E. Luyt, Michel Wolff, Jean Chastre, Florence Tubach, Stefan Schroeder, Vandack Nobre, Djillali Annane, Konrad Reinhart, Pierre Damas, Maarten Nijsten, Arezoo Shajiei, Dylan W. deLange, Rodrigo O. Deliberato…
After cardiac arrest a combination of basic and advanced airway and ventilation techniques are used during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and after a return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). The optimal ...
Authors: Christopher Newell, Scott Grier and Jasmeet Soar
Platelets (PLTs) are usually stored for up to 5 days prior to transfusion, although in some blood services the storage period is extended to 7 days. During storage, changes occur in both PLT and storage medium...
Authors: Cécile Aubron, Andrew W. J. Flint, Yves Ozier and Zoe McQuilten
Arterial hyperoxia may induce vasoconstriction and reduce cardiac output, which is particularly undesirable in patients who already have compromised perfusion of vital organs. Due to the inaccessibility of vit...
Authors: Bob Smit, Yvo M. Smulders, Etto C. Eringa, Heleen M. Oudemans - van Straaten, Armand R. J. Girbes, Kimberley E. Wever, Carlijn R. Hooijmans and Angelique M. E. Spoelstra - de Man
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction is associated with poor outcomes, but traditional measurements of systolic function such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) do not directly correlate with progno...
Authors: F. Sanfilippo, C. Corredor, N. Fletcher, L. Tritapepe, F. L. Lorini, A. Arcadipane, A. Vieillard-Baron and M. Cecconi
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of critical illness and is associated with worse outcomes. However, the influence of deterioration or improvement in renal function on clinical outcomes is un...
Authors: Esther Peters, Massimo Antonelli, Xavier Wittebole, Rahul Nanchal, Bruno François, Yasser Sakr, Jean-Louis Vincent and Peter Pickkers
The association between corticosteroid use and intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired weakness remains unclear. We evaluated the relationship between corticosteroid use and ICU-acquired weakness in critically ill ...
Authors: Tao Yang, Zhiqiang Li, Li Jiang and Xiuming Xi
Indirect calorimetry (IC) measurement is considered the gold standard for the assessment of resting energy expenditure (REE). It is based on the measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide consumption (VO2 and VCO2,...
Authors: I. Kagan, O. Zusman, I. Bendavid, M. Theilla, J. Cohen and P. Singer
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a well-established tool for assessing brain function that is available at the bedside in the intensive care unit (ICU). This review aims to discuss the relevance of electroencep...
Authors: Eric Azabou, Vincent Navarro, Nathalie Kubis, Martine Gavaret, Nicholas Heming, Alain Cariou, Djillali Annane, Fréderic Lofaso, Lionel Naccache and Tarek Sharshar
There is considerable physiological and clinical evidence of harm and increased risk of death associated with dysglycemia in critical care. However, glycemic control (GC) currently leads to increased hypoglyce...
Authors: J. Geoffrey Chase, Thomas Desaive, Julien Bohe, Miriam Cnop, Christophe De Block, Jan Gunst, Roman Hovorka, Pierre Kalfon, James Krinsley, Eric Renard and Jean-Charles Preiser
Pore-forming proteins released from bacteria or formed as result of complement activation are known to produce severe cell damage. Inhibition of purinergic P2X receptors markedly reduces damage inflicted by cy...
Authors: Steen K. Fagerberg, Parth Patel, Lars W. Andersen, Xiaowen Lui, Michael W. Donnino and Helle A. Praetorius
The physiological effects of high-flow nasal cannula O2 therapy (HFNC) have been evaluated mainly in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure. In this study, we compared the effects of HFNC and conventional lo...
Authors: Rosa Di mussi, Savino Spadaro, Tania Stripoli, Carlo Alberto Volta, Paolo Trerotoli, Paola Pierucci, Francesco Staffieri, Francesco Bruno, Luigi Camporota and Salvatore Grasso
Decompressive laparotomy has been advised as potential treatment for abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) when medical management fails; yet, the effect on parameters of organ function differs markedly in the ...
Recent studies have suggested that excessive formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Although elevation of the plasma level of cell-free DNA (cf-...
Authors: Yuki Maruchi, Masanobu Tsuda, Hisatake Mori, Nobuyoshi Takenaka, Takayoshi Gocho, Muhammad A. Huq and Naoshi Takeyama
Bloodstream infections of abdominal origin are usually associated with poor prognosis. We assessed the clinical and microbiological characteristics of critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care uni...
Authors: Adel Alqarni, Elie Kantor, Nathalie Grall, Sebastien Tanaka, Nathalie Zappella, Mathieu Godement, Lara Ribeiro-Parenti, Alexy Tran-Dinh and Philippe Montravers
Vasoplegia is the syndrome of pathological low systemic vascular resistance, the dominant clinical feature of which is reduced blood pressure in the presence of a normal or raised cardiac output. The vasoplegi...
Authors: Simon Lambden, Ben C. Creagh-Brown, Julie Hunt, Charlotte Summers and Lui G. Forni
In the early stage of severe burn, patients often exhibit a high level of inflammatory mediators in blood and are likely to develop sepsis. High-volume haemofiltration (HVHF) can eliminate these inflammatory m...
Authors: Bo You, Yu Long Zhang, Gao Xing Luo, Yong Ming Dang, Bei Jiang, Guang Tao Huang, Xin Zhu Liu, Zi Chen Yang, Yu Chen, Jing Chen, Zhi Qiang Yuan, Su Peng Yin and Yi Zhi Peng
Following emergency department (ED) assessment, patients with infection may be directly admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) or alternatively admitted to hospital wards or sent home. Those admitted to the...
Authors: Shannon M. Fernando, Bram Rochwerg, Peter M. Reardon, Kednapa Thavorn, Andrew J. E. Seely, Jeffrey J. Perry, Douglas P. Barnaby, Peter Tanuseputro and Kwadwo Kyeremanteng
The risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is reduced when postpyloric enteral nutrition (EN) is administered compared to when gastric EN is administered in specific populations. In the present study, w...
Authors: Youfeng Zhu, Haiyan Yin, Rui Zhang, Xiaoling Ye and Jianrui Wei
