Hypoxic–ischaemic brain injury (HIBI) is the main cause of death in patients who are comatose after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. A poor neurological outcome—defined as death from neurological cause, pers...
Authors: Claudio Sandroni, Sonia D’Arrigo and Jerry P. Nolan
Although high-flow nasal cannula therapy (HFNC) has become a popular mode of non-invasive respiratory support (NRS) in critically ill children, there are no randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing it wit...
Authors: Padmanabhan Ramnarayan, Paula Lister, Troy Dominguez, Parviz Habibi, Naomi Edmonds, Ruth R. Canter, Jerome Wulff, David A. Harrison, Paul M. Mouncey and Mark J. Peters
Sepsis is one of the main reasons for non-elective admission to pediatric intensive care units (PICUs), but little is known about determinants influencing outcome. We characterized children admitted with commu...
Authors: Navin P. Boeddha, Luregn J. Schlapbach, Gertjan J. Driessen, Jethro A. Herberg, Irene Rivero-Calle, Miriam Cebey-López, Daniela S. Klobassa, Ria Philipsen, Ronald de Groot, David P. Inwald, Simon Nadel, Stéphane Paulus, Eleanor Pinnock, Fatou Secka, Suzanne T. Anderson, Rachel S. Agbeko…
Restrictive red blood cell transfusion strategies remain controversial in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the prognostic benefits of restrictive red blood cell trans...
Authors: Qi-Hong Chen, Hua-Ling Wang, Lei Liu, Jun Shao, Jiangqian Yu and Rui-Qiang Zheng
We examined whether long-term use of selective digestive tract decontamination (SDD) was effective in reducing intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infection and antibiotic consumption while decreasing colistin-...
Authors: Catalina Sánchez-Ramírez, Silvia Hípola-Escalada, Miriam Cabrera-Santana, María Adela Hernández-Viera, Liliana Caipe-Balcázar, Pedro Saavedra, Fernando Artiles-Campelo, Nayra Sangil-Monroy, Carlos Federico Lübbe-Vázquez and Sergio Ruiz-Santana
In cardiac arrest, high quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a key determinant of patient survival. However, delivery of effective chest compressions is often inconsistent, subject to fatigue and pra...
Authors: Kurtis Poole, Keith Couper, Michael A. Smyth, Joyce Yeung and Gavin D. Perkins
This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) for quantitative analysis of flow density to assess changes in retinal perfusion in an experimental model of ...
Authors: Maged Alnawaiseh, Christian Ertmer, Laura Seidel, Philip Helge Arnemann, Larissa Lahme, Tim-Gerald Kampmeier, Sebastian Willy Rehberg, Peter Heiduschka, Nicole Eter and Michael Hessler
Adrenaline has been used in the treatment of cardiac arrest for many years. It increases the likelihood of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), but some studies have shown that it impairs cerebral microci...
Authors: Christopher J. R. Gough and Jerry P. Nolan
Neuroinflammation is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of ICU-acquired delirium, but the association between inflammatory and brain-specific proteins and ICU delirium is poor. We investigat...
Authors: Koen S. Simons, Mark van den Boogaard, Eva Hendriksen, Jelle Gerretsen, Johannes G. van der Hoeven, Peter Pickkers and Cornelis P. C. de Jager
The pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) results in heterogeneous lung collapse, edema-flooded airways and unstable alveoli. These pathologic alterations in alveolar mechanics (i.e. dy...
Authors: Gary F. Nieman, Penny Andrews, Joshua Satalin, Kailyn Wilcox, Michaela Kollisch-Singule, Maria Madden, Hani Aiash, Sarah J. Blair, Louis A. Gatto and Nader M. Habashi
Perioperative goal-directed hemodynamic therapy (GDHT) has been advocated in high-risk patients undergoing noncardiac surgery to reduce postoperative morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that using cardiac...
Authors: Aline Rejane Muller Gerent, Juliano Pinheiro Almeida, Evgeny Fominskiy, Giovanni Landoni, Gisele Queiroz de Oliveira, Stephanie Itala Rizk, Julia Tizue Fukushima, Claudia Marques Simoes, Ulysses Ribeiro Jr, Clarice Lee Park, Rosana Ely Nakamura, Rafael Alves Franco, Patricia Inês Cândido, Cintia Rosa Tavares, Ligia Camara, Graziela dos Santos Rocha Ferreira…
Acetylcholine receptor antagonists have been shown to improve outcome in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. However, it is incompletely understood how these agents improve outcome. In th...
Authors: Diana Jansen, Heder de Vries and Leo M. A. Heunks
Vasopressin (AVP) is commonly added to norepinephrine (NE) to reverse shock in patients with sepsis. However, there are no data to support the appropriate strategy of vasopressor tapering in patients on concom...
Authors: Kyeongman Jeon, Jae-Uk Song, Chi Ryang Chung, Jeong Hoon Yang and Gee Young Suh
This study aimed to determine whether community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) had a metabolic profile and whether this profile can be used for disease severity assessment.
Authors: Pu Ning, Yali Zheng, Qiongzhen Luo, Xiaohui Liu, Yu Kang, Yan Zhang, Rongbao Zhang, Yu Xu, Donghong Yang, Wen Xi, Keqiang Wang, Yusheng Chen, Shuchang An and Zhancheng Gao
This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of procalcitonin (PCT) serum concentrations to diagnose Gram-negative bacteremia and the association of PCT serum concentrations with more specific pathogens and the f...
Authors: Daniel O. Thomas-Rüddel, Bernhard Poidinger, Matthias Kott, Manfred Weiss, Konrad Reinhart and Frank Bloos
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and predicts in-hospital mortality. To which extent post-resuscitation disease or the initial event of cardiac arres...
Authors: Christoph Adler, Tobias Heller, Felix Schregel, Henning Hagmann, Martin Hellmich, Joana Adler and Hannes Reuter
A fundamental aspect of human physiology is its cyclical nature over a 24-h period, a feature conserved across most life on Earth. Organisms compartmentalise processes with respect to time in order to promote ...
Authors: Helen McKenna, Gijsbertus T. J. van der Horst, Irwin Reiss and Daniel Martin
Recent clinical studies have not shown an overall benefit of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV), possibly due to injurious or non-individualized HFOV settings. We compared conventional HFOV (HFOVcon) s...
Authors: Philipp Klapsing, Onnen Moerer, Christoph Wende, Peter Herrmann, Michael Quintel, Annalen Bleckmann and Jan Florian Heuer
The high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) delivers up to 60 l/min of humidified air/oxygen blend at a temperature close to that of the human body. In this study, we tested whether higher temperature and flow decrease...
Authors: Tommaso Mauri, Alessandro Galazzi, Filippo Binda, Laura Masciopinto, Nadia Corcione, Eleonora Carlesso, Marta Lazzeri, Elena Spinelli, Daniela Tubiolo, Carlo Alberto Volta, Ileana Adamini, Antonio Pesenti and Giacomo Grasselli
There is a paradigm shift happening for sepsis. Sepsis is no longer solely conceptualized as problem of individual patients treated in emergency departments and intensive care units but also as one that is add...
Authors: Jordan A. Kempker, Henry E. Wang and Greg S. Martin
Haemorrhagic shock is the leading cause of early preventable death in severe trauma. Delayed treatment is a recognized prognostic factor that can be prevented by efficient organization of care. This study aime...
Accurate prediction of delirium in the intensive care unit (ICU) may facilitate efficient use of early preventive strategies and stratification of ICU patients by delirium risk in clinical research, but the op...
Authors: Annelies Wassenaar, Lisette Schoonhoven, John W. Devlin, Frank M. P. van Haren, Arjen J. C. Slooter, Philippe G. Jorens, Mathieu van der Jagt, Koen S. Simons, Ingrid Egerod, Lisa D. Burry, Albertus Beishuizen, Joaquim Matos, A. Rogier T. Donders, Peter Pickkers and Mark van den Boogaard
Sepsis is a common condition encountered by emergency and critical care physicians, with significant costs, both economic and human. Myocardial dysfunction in sepsis is a well-recognized but poorly understood ...
Authors: Robert R. Ehrman, Ashley N. Sullivan, Mark J. Favot, Robert L. Sherwin, Christian A. Reynolds, Aiden Abidov and Phillip D. Levy
Although the African “Fluid Expansion as Supportive therapy” (FEAST) trial showed fluid resuscitation was harmful in children with severe febrile illness managed in resource-limited hospitals, the most recent ...
Authors: Kirsty Anne Houston, Elizabeth C. George and Kathryn Maitland
Intravenous fluids may contribute to lower haemoglobin levels in patients with septic shock. We sought to determine the relationship between the changes in haemoglobin concentration and the volume of intraveno...
Authors: Matthew J. Maiden, Mark E. Finnis, Sandra Peake, Simon McRae, Anthony Delaney, Michael Bailey and Rinaldo Bellomo
Sepsis is the leading cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in the intensive care unit (ICU). Septic AKI is a complex and multifactorial process that is incompletely understood. During sepsis, the disruption of t...
Authors: Jingxiao Zhang, Ghada Ankawi, Jian Sun, Kumar Digvijay, Yongjie Yin, Mitchell H. Rosner and Claudio Ronco
Determining the optimal positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome remains an area of active investigation. Most trials individualizing PEEP optimize one physi...
Authors: Andrew C. McKown, Matthew W. Semler and Todd W. Rice
Recent studies have implicated the differences in the ABO blood system as a potential risk for various diseases, including hemostatic disorders and hemorrhage. In this study, we evaluated the impact of the dif...
Increased vascular permeability is a pathophysiological hallmark of sepsis and results in increased transcapillary leakage of plasma fluid, hypovolemia, and interstitial edema formation. 6% hydroxyethyl starch...
Authors: Andreas Margraf, Jan M. Herter, Katharina Kühne, Anika Stadtmann, Thomas Ermert, Manuel Wenk, Melanie Meersch, Hugo Van Aken, Alexander Zarbock and Jan Rossaint
Ultrasound (US) evaluation of diaphragmatic dysfunction (DD) has proved to be a reliable technique in critical care. In this single-center prospective study, we investigated the impact of US-assessed DD on non...
Authors: Alessandro Marchioni, Ivana Castaniere, Roberto Tonelli, Riccardo Fantini, Matteo Fontana, Luca Tabbì, Andrea Viani, Francesco Giaroni, Valentina Ruggieri, Stefania Cerri and Enrico Clini
In the ICU, out-of-bed rehabilitation is often delayed and in-bed exercises are generally low-intensity. Since the majority of rehabilitation is carried out in bed, it is essential to carry out the exercises t...
Authors: Clément Medrinal, Yann Combret, Guillaume Prieur, Aurora Robledo Quesada, Tristan Bonnevie, Francis Edouard Gravier, Elise Dupuis Lozeron, Eric Frenoy, Olivier Contal and Bouchra Lamia
Acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiovascular surgery is a serious complication. Little is known about the ability of novel biomarkers in combination with clinical risk scores for prediction of advanced AKI.
The dysregulated host immune response that defines sepsis varies as a function of both the immune status of the host and the distinct nature of the pathogen. The degree to which immunocompromising comorbiditie...
Authors: Jared A. Greenberg, Cara L. Hrusch, Mohammad R. Jaffery, Michael Z. David, Robert S. Daum, Jesse B. Hall, John P. Kress, Anne I. Sperling and Philip A. Verhoef
In evidence-based medicine, multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the gold standard for evaluating treatment benefits and ensuring the effectiveness of interventions. Patient-center...
Authors: Rogerio da Hora Passos, Joao Gabriel Rosa Ramos, André Gobatto, Juliana Caldas, Etienne Macedo and Paulo Benigno Batista
Rapid and accurate diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is highly warranted because of high associated morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a novel multiplex PCR assay for ...
Authors: Marre van den Brand, Frank A. M. van den Dungen, Martine P. Bos, Mirjam M. van Weissenbruch, A. Marceline van Furth, Annemieke de Lange, Anna Rubenjan, Remco P. H. Peters and Paul H. M. Savelkoul
Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA), which has been increasingly used for the management of hemorrhagic shock, is a less invasive strategy for the management of patients with very...
Authors: Ryota Sato, Akira Kuriyama, Rei Takaesu, Nobuhiro Miyamae, Wataru Iwanaga, Hayato Tokuda and Takehiro Umemura
The timing of initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT) in severe acute kidney injury (AKI) remains controversial, with early initiation resulting in unnecessary therapy for some patients while expectant t...
Authors: Nuttha Lumlertgul, Sadudee Peerapornratana, Thananda Trakarnvanich, Wanjak Pongsittisak, Kajbundit Surasit, Anan Chuasuwan, Pleumjit Tankee, Khajohn Tiranathanagul, Kearkiat Praditpornsilpa, Kriang Tungsanga, Somchai Eiam-Ong, John A. Kellum and Nattachai Srisawat
The aim was to describe transfusion practice in critically ill patients at an international level and evaluate the effects of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion on outcomes in these patients.
Authors: Jean-Louis Vincent, Ulrich Jaschinski, Xavier Wittebole, Jean-Yves Lefrant, Stephan M. Jakob, Ghaleb A. Almekhlafi, Tommaso Pellis, Swagata Tripathy, Paolo N. Rubatto Birri and Yasser Sakr
