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  1. During high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy, flow plays a crucial role in the physiological effects. However, there is no consensus on the initial flow settings and subsequent titration. Thus, we aimed to sy...

    Authors: Jie Li, Fai A. Albuainain, Wei Tan, J. Brady Scott, Oriol Roca and Tommaso Mauri
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:78
  2. So far, the few prospective studies on near-death experience (NDE) were carried out only in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with homogeneous aetiologies, such as cardiac arrest or trauma survivors. The aims...

    Authors: Anne-Françoise Rousseau, Laurence Dams, Quentin Massart, Laila Choquer, Héléna Cassol, Steven Laureys, Benoit Misset, Nadia Dardenne, Olivia Gosseries and Charlotte Martial
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:76

    The Correspondence to this article has been published in Critical Care 2023 27:185

  3. This paper discusses the use of Artificial Intelligence Chatbot in scientific writing. ChatGPT is a type of chatbot, developed by OpenAI, that uses the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) language model t...

    Authors: Michele Salvagno, Fabio Silvio Taccone and Alberto Giovanni Gerli
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:75

    The Correction to this article has been published in Critical Care 2023 27:99

    The Correspondence to this article has been published in Critical Care 2023 27:180

    The Comment to this article has been published in Critical Care 2023 27:148

    The Correspondence to this article has been published in Critical Care 2023 27:120

  4. Previous studies have reported high prognostic accuracy of circulating neurofilament light (NfL) at 24–72 h after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), but performance at earlier time points and after in-hosp...

    Authors: Helena Levin, Anna Lybeck, Attila Frigyesi, Isabelle Arctaedius, Bergthóra Thorgeirsdóttir, Martin Annborn, Marion Moseby-Knappe, Niklas Nielsen, Tobias Cronberg, Nicholas J. Ashton, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Hans Friberg and Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:74
  5. This study aimed to assess the effect of different blood pressure levels on global cerebral metabolism in comatose patients resuscitated from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).

    Authors: Simon Mølstrøm, Troels Halfeld Nielsen, Carl-Henrik Nordstrøm, Axel Forsse, Søren Møller, Søren Venø, Dmitry Mamaev, Tomas Tencer, Ásta Theódórsdóttir, Thomas Krøigård, Jacob Møller, Christian Hassager, Jesper Kjærgaard, Henrik Schmidt and Palle Toft
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:73
  6. Severe community-acquired pneumococcal meningitis is a medical emergency. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the epidemiology, management and outcomes of this condition.

    Authors: María Martín-Cerezuela, Maialen Aseginolaza-Lizarazu, Patricia Boronat-García, María José Asensio-Martín, Gisela Alamán-Laguarda, Francisco Álvarez-Lerma, David Roa-Alonso, Lorenzo Socias, Paula Vera-Artázcoz and Paula Ramírez-Galleymore
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:72
  7. Gut microbiota alterations have been reported in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, with reduced alpha diversity and altered microbiota composition related to respiratory failure. However, data regarding gut micr...

    Authors: Marius Trøseid, Jan Cato Holter, Kristian Holm, Beate Vestad, Taisiia Sazonova, Beathe K. Granerud, Anne Ma Dyrhol-Riise, Aleksander R. Holten, Kristian Tonby, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Lars Heggelund, Anders Tveita, Simen Bøe, Karl Erik Müller, Synne Jenum, Johannes R. Hov…
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:69
  8. The optimal thresholds for the initiation of invasive ventilation in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure are unknown. Using the saturation-to-inspired oxygen ratio (SF), we compared lower versus higher...

    Authors: Christopher J. Yarnell, Federico Angriman, Bruno L. Ferreyro, Kuan Liu, Harm Jan De Grooth, Lisa Burry, Laveena Munshi, Sangeeta Mehta, Leo Celi, Paul Elbers, Patrick Thoral, Laurent Brochard, Hannah Wunsch, Robert A. Fowler, Lillian Sung and George Tomlinson
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:67
  9. In critically ill patients, positive fluid balance is associated with excessive mortality. The POINCARE-2 trial aimed to assess the effectiveness of a fluid balance control strategy on mortality in critically ...

    Authors: Pierre-Edouard Bollaert, Alexandra Monnier, Francis Schneider, Laurent Argaud, Julio Badie, Claire Charpentier, Ferhat Meziani, Michel Bemer, Jean-Pierre Quenot, Marie Buzzi, Hervé Outin, Cédric Bruel, Laurent Ziegler, Sébastien Gibot, Jean-Marc Virion, Camille Alleyrat…
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:66
  10. Sepsis is characterized by a dysregulated immune response to infection. The complement system plays an important role in the host defence to pathogens. However, exaggerated complement activation might contribu...

    Authors: Aline H. de Nooijer, Antigone Kotsaki, Eleftheria Kranidioti, Matthijs Kox, Peter Pickkers, Erik J. M. Toonen, Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis and Mihai G. Netea
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:63
  11. Whether surrogate decision makers regret decisions about the use of life support for incapacitated, critically ill patients remain uncertain. We sought to determine the prevalence of decision regret among surr...

    Authors: Sarah K. Andersen, Rachel A. Butler, Chung-Chou H. Chang, Robert Arnold, Derek C. Angus and Douglas B. White
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:61
  12. Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia is commonly treated with systemic antibiotics to ensure adequate treatment of multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria. However, intravenous (IV) antibiotics often achieve suboptimal pu...

    Authors: Ana Motos, Hua Yang, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Minlan Yang, Andrea Meli, Denise Battaglini, Roberto Cabrera, Joaquim Bobi, Francesco Pagliara, Gerard Frigola, Marta Camprubí-Rimblas, Laia Fernández-Barat, Montserrat Rigol, Antoni Ferrer-Segarra, Kasra Kiarostami, Daniel Martinez…
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:60
  13. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients with different lung morphology have distinct pulmonary mechanical dysfunction and outcomes. Whether lung morphology impacts the association between ventilato...

    Authors: Hui Chen, Qin Sun, Yali Chao, Yue Liu, Qian Yu, Jianfeng Xie, Chun Pan, Ling Liu, Yi Yang and Haibo Qiu
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:59
  14. Ethylene glycol (EG) is metabolized into glycolate and oxalate and may cause metabolic acidemia, neurotoxicity, acute kidney injury (AKI), and death. Historically, treatment of EG toxicity included supportive ...

    Authors: Marc Ghannoum, Sophie Gosselin, Robert S. Hoffman, Valery Lavergne, Bruno Mégarbane, Hossein Hassanian-Moghaddam, Maria Rif, Siba Kallab, Steven Bird, David M. Wood and Darren M. Roberts
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:56
  15. Fibrinolysisis is essential for vascular blood flow maintenance and is triggered by endothelial and platelet release of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). In certain critical conditions, e.g. sepsis, acute r...

    Authors: Lucy A. Coupland, David J. Rabbolini, Jonathan G. Schoenecker, Philip J. Crispin, Jennene J. Miller, Tony Ghent, Robert L. Medcalf and Anders E. Aneman
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:55
  16. The end-tidal alveolar dead space fraction (AVDSf = [PaCO2−PETCO2]/PaCO2) is a metric used to estimate alveolar dead space. Higher AVDSf on the first day of mechanical ventilation is associated with mortality and...

    Authors: Anoopindar K. Bhalla, Ariya Chau, Robinder G. Khemani and Christopher J. L. Newth
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:54
  17. Steroids are widely used to modulate the inflammatory reactions associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, the optimal upper limit dose of steroid use for acute COVID-19 care remains unclear...

    Authors: Takuhiro Moromizato, Ryoto Sakaniwa, Yasuharu Tokuda, Kiyosu Taniguchi and Kenji Shibuya
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:53
  18. Retrospective cohorts have suggested that levosimendan may facilitate the weaning of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). We therefore studied this clinical question by emulating a rand...

    Authors: Julien Massol, Noémie Simon-Tillaux, Joanna Tohme, Geoffroy Hariri, Pauline Dureau, Baptiste Duceau, Lisa Belin, David Hajage, Yann De Rycke, Ahmed Charfeddine, Guillaume Lebreton, Alain Combes and Adrien Bouglé
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:51
  19. Sepsis and septic shock remain drivers for morbidity and mortality in critical illness. The clinical picture of patients presenting with these syndromes evolves rapidly and may be characterised by: (a) microbi...

    Authors: Claudio Ronco, Lakhmir Chawla, Faeq Husain-Syed and John A. Kellum
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:50

    The Correspondence to this article has been published in Critical Care 2023 27:121

  20. Recent high-quality trials have shown that the anti-inflammatory effects of colchicine reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients suffering post-myocardial infarction and chronic coronary disease. Th...

    Authors: Tuo Pan, Chen-Yu Jiang, He Zhang, Xi-Kun Han, Hai-Tao Zhang, Xin-Yi Jiang, Wei Chen, Kuo Wang, Fu-Dong Fan, Jun Pan, Qing Zhou, Chuang-Shi Wang, Li Zhang and Dong-Jin Wang
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:49
  21. Health-related quality of life after surviving acute respiratory distress syndrome has come into focus in recent years, especially during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

    Authors: Alice Bernard, Lina Maria Serna-Higuita, Peter Martus, Valbona Mirakaj, Michael Koeppen, Alexander Zarbock, Gernot Marx, Christian Putensen, Peter Rosenberger and Helene Anna Haeberle
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:48
  22. Cumulative evidence has demonstrated that the ventilatory ratio closely correlates with mortality in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and a primary feature in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-ARD...

    Authors: Mingjia Zheng
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:46
  23. Pulse pressure variation (PPV) has been widely used in hemodynamic assessment. Nevertheless, PPV is limited in low tidal volume ventilation. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate wh...

    Authors: Xiaoying Wang, Shuai Liu, Ju Gao, Yang Zhang and Tianfeng Huang
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:45
  24. Although numerous observational studies associated underfeeding with poor outcome, recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that early full nutritional support does not benefit critically ill pati...

    Authors: Jan Gunst, Michael P. Casaer, Jean-Charles Preiser, Jean Reignier and Greet Van den Berghe
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:43
  25. To evaluate if the increase in chloride intake during a continuous infusion of 20% hypertonic saline solution (HSS) is associated with an increase in the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) compared to stan...

    Authors: Olivier Huet, Xavier Chapalain, Véronique Vermeersch, Jean-Denis Moyer, Sigismond Lasocki, Benjamin Cohen, Claire Dahyot-Fizelier, Kevin Chalard, P. Seguin, Y. Hourmant, Karim Asehnoune and Antoine Roquilly
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:42
  26. Chest radiographs are routinely performed in intensive care unit (ICU) to confirm the correct position of an endotracheal tube (ETT) relative to the carina. However, their interpretation is often challenging a...

    Authors: Matthieu Oliver, Amélie Renou, Nicolas Allou, Lucas Moscatelli, Cyril Ferdynus and Jerôme Allyn
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:40
  27. The global mortality rate of patients with MV is very high, despite a significant variation worldwide. Previous studies conducted in Sub-Saharan Africa among ICU patients focused on the pattern of admission an...

    Authors: Semagn Mekonnen Abate, Bivash Basu, Bedru Jemal, Siraj Ahmed, Bahru Mantefardo and Tagesse Taye
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:37
  28. Hemoadsorption (HA) might mitigate the systemic inflammatory response associated with post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) and improve outcomes. Here, we investigated the feasibility, safety and efficacy of HA ...

    Authors: Céline Monard, Nathan Bianchi, Elettra Poli, Marco Altarelli, Anne Debonneville, Mauro Oddo, Lucas Liaudet and Antoine Schneider
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:36
  29. Temperature control is recommended after out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) by international guidelines. This survey aimed to investigate current clinical practice and areas of uncertainty.

    Authors: Kevin Roedl, Sebastian Wolfrum, Guido Michels, Martin Pin, Gerold Söffker, Uwe Janssens and Stefan Kluge
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:35
  30. Recent single-center reports have suggested that community-acquired bacteremic co-infection in the context of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be an important driver of mortality; however, these reports...

    Authors: Michael John Patton, Carlos J. Orihuela, Kevin S. Harrod, Mohammad A. N. Bhuiyan, Paari Dominic, Christopher G. Kevil, Daniel Fort, Vincent X. Liu, Maha Farhat, Jonathan L. Koff, Charitharth V. Lal, Anuj Gaggar, Robert P. Richter, Nathaniel Erdmann, Matthew Might and Amit Gaggar
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:34
  31. To guarantee the safety of the public, clinicians and patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, hospital visits were severely restricted internationally. There are limited data on the precise impact of these visi...

    Authors: Joanne McPeake, Nancy Kentish-Barnes, Emilie Banse, Lynne Anderson, Cecilia Cuzco, Elie Azoulay, Tara Quasim, Pedro Castro and Kathryn Puxty
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:33
  32. Several prediction models of survival after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) have been published, but no overview of model performance and external validation exists. We performed a systematic review of the a...

    Authors: Casey Grandbois van Ravenhorst, Marc Schluep, Henrik Endeman, Robert-Jan Stolker and Sanne Elisabeth Hoeks
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:32
  33. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have shown potential efficacy in both animal and human trials of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, MSC was intensely studied f...

    Authors: Fengyun Wang, Yiming Li, Bingqing Wang, Jianguo Li and Zhiyong Peng
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:31
  34. Vasopressors and fluids are the cornerstones for the treatment of shock. The current international guidelines on shock recommend norepinephrine as the first-line vasopressor and vasopressin as the second-line ...

    Authors: Yuki Kotani, Annamaria Di Gioia, Giovanni Landoni, Alessandro Belletti and Ashish K. Khanna
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:29

    The Correspondence to this article has been published in Critical Care 2023 27:125

    The Correspondence to this article has been published in Critical Care 2023 27:62

  35. Critical care is underprioritized. A global call to action is needed to increase equitable access to care and the quality of care provided to critically ill patients. Current challenges to effective critical c...

    Authors: Ana Maria Crawford, Ananya Abate Shiferaw, Papytcho Ntambwe, Alexei Ortiz Milan, Karima Khalid, Rodrigo Rubio, Francoise Nizeyimana, Fredy Ariza, Alhassan Datti Mohammed, Tim Baker, Paulin Ruhato Banguti and Farai Madzimbamuto
    Citation: Critical Care 2023 27:28