Necroptosis, a form of programmed cell death mediated by receptor interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase-3 (RIPK3), is implicated in murine models of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We hypothe...
Authors: Michael G. S. Shashaty, John P. Reilly, Hilary E. Faust, Caitlin M. Forker, Caroline A. G. Ittner, Peggy X. Zhang, Meghan J. Hotz, David Fitzgerald, Wei Yang, Brian J. Anderson, Daniel N. Holena, Paul N. Lanken, Jason D. Christie, Nuala J. Meyer and Nilam S. Mangalmurti
Perioperative goal-directed therapy (GDT) reduces the risk of renal injury. However, several questions remain unanswered, such as target, kind of patients and surgery, and role of fluids and inotropes. We ther...
Authors: Mariateresa Giglio, Lidia Dalfino, Filomena Puntillo and Nicola Brienza
Sepsis survivors often develop chronic critical illness (CCI) and demonstrate the persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome predisposing them to long-term functional limitations and h...
Authors: Carlo Custodero, Quran Wu, Gabriela L. Ghita, Stephen D. Anton, Scott C. Brakenridge, Babette A. Brumback, Philip A. Efron, Anna K. Gardner, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Lyle L. Moldawer, John W. Petersen, Frederick A. Moore and Robert T. Mankowski
The last decade, there have been many initiatives worldwide to increase the number of organ donors. However, it is not clear which initiatives are most effective. The aim of this study is to provide an overvie...
Authors: Marloes Witjes, Nichon E. Jansen, Johannes G. van der Hoeven and Wilson F. Abdo
The first FDA-approved test to assess risk for acute kidney injury (AKI), [TIMP-2]•[IGFBP7], is clinically available in many parts of the world, including the USA and Europe. We sought to understand how the te...
Authors: Louis M. Guzzi, Tobias Bergler, Brian Binnall, Daniel T. Engelman, Lui Forni, Michael J. Germain, Eric Gluck, Ivan Göcze, Michael Joannidis, Jay L. Koyner, V. Seenu Reddy, Thomas Rimmelé, Claudio Ronco, Julien Textoris, Alexander Zarbock and John A. Kellum
We hypothesized that the absence of P25 and the N20–P25 amplitude in somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) have higher sensitivity than the absence of N20 for poor neurological outcomes, and we evaluated the...
Authors: Sang Hoon Oh, Kyu Nam Park, Seung Pill Choi, Joo Suk Oh, Han Joon Kim, Chun Song Youn, Soo Hyun Kim, Kiyuk Chang and Seong Hoon Kim
During the initial phase of critical illness, the association between the dose of nutrition support and mortality risk may vary among patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) because the prevalence of malnutr...
Authors: Charles Chin Han Lew, Gabriel Jun Yung Wong, Ka Po Cheung, Robert J. L. Fraser, Ai Ping Chua, Mary Foong Fong Chong and Michelle Miller
Intubation is frequently required for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) but is associated with high morbidity and mortality mainly in emergency procedures and in the presence of severe organ failures. ...
Authors: Samir Jaber, Audrey De Jong, Paolo Pelosi, Luca Cabrini, Jean Reignier and Jean Baptiste Lascarrou
Limited critical care subspecialty training and experience is available in many low- and middle-income countries, creating barriers to the delivery of evidence-based critical care. We hypothesized that a struc...
Authors: Pedja Kovacevic, Sasa Dragic, Tijana Kovacevic, Danica Momcicevic, Emir Festic, Rahul Kashyap, Alexander S. Niven, Yue Dong and Ognjen Gajic
Progress toward determining the true worth of ongoing practices or value of recent innovations can be glacially slow when we insist on following the conventional stepwise scientific pathway. Moreover, a widely...
Authors: John J. Marini, Daniel DeBacker, Luciano Gattinoni, Can Ince, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Pierre Singer, Mervyn Singer, Martin Westphal and Jean-Louis Vincent
Catecholamines are used to increase cardiac output and blood pressure, aiming ultimately at restoring/improving tissue perfusion. While intuitive in its concept, this approach nevertheless implies to be effect...
Critically ill patients require adequate nutritional support to meet energy requirements both during and after intensive care unit (ICU) stay to protect against severe catabolism and prevent significant decond...
Patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) often require invasive mechanical ventilation. Ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections (VA-LRTI), either ventilator-associated tracheobronchi...
The founding tenet of evidence-based medicine is to combine best evidence with clinical expertise. As David Sackett opined ‘Without clinical expertise, practice risks becoming tyrannised by evidence’. Rigid pr...
This paper discusses the physiological and technological concepts that might form the future of critical care medicine. Initially, we discuss the need for a personalized approach and introduce the concept of p...
In the absence of evidence, therapies are often based on intuition, belief, common sense or gut feeling. Over the years, some treatment strategies may become dogmas that are eventually considered as state-of-t...
Until relatively recently, critical illness was considered as a separate entity and the intensive care unit (ICU), often a little cut-off from other areas of the hospital, was in many cases used as a last reso...
Our current understanding of protective measures for avoiding ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) has evolved from targeting low tidal volumes to lowering plateau and driving pressure. Even when pressures ac...
Oesophageal pressure (PES) is used for calculation of lung and chest wall mechanics and transpulmonary pressure during mechanical ventilation. Measurements performed with a balloon catheter are suggested as a ...
Authors: Per Persson, Rebecca Ahlstrand, Magni Gudmundsson, Alex de Leon and Stefan Lundin
Annual seasonal influenza epidemics of variable severity result in significant morbidity and mortality in the United States (U.S.) and worldwide. In temperate climate countries, including the U.S., influenza a...
Authors: Eric J. Chow, Joshua D. Doyle and Timothy M. Uyeki
As more patients are surviving intensive care, mental health concerns in survivors have become a research priority. Among these, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can have an important impact on the qualit...
Authors: Cássia Righy, Regis Goulart Rosa, Rodrigo Teixeira Amancio da Silva, Renata Kochhann, Celina Borges Migliavaca, Caroline Cabral Robinson, Stefania Pigatto Teche, Cassiano Teixeira, Fernando Augusto Bozza and Maicon Falavigna
Aetiology and outcomes of sepsis in sub-Saharan Africa (sSA) are poorly described; we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarise the available data.
Authors: Joseph M. Lewis, Nicholas A. Feasey and Jamie Rylance
Mottling score, a tissue perfusion parameter, is correlated with outcome in septic shock patients. However, its predictive value on mortality according to prognostic covariates such as vasopressor dose and oth...
Malignant stroke occurs in a subgroup of patients suffering from ischemic cerebral infarction and is characterized by neurological deterioration due to progressive edema, raised intracranial pressure, and cere...
Authors: Thomas Beez, Christopher Munoz-Bendix, Hans-Jakob Steiger and Kerim Beseoglu
The long-term ecological effects on the emergence of antimicrobial resistance at the ICU level during selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) are unknown. We determined the incidence of newly ac...
Authors: Sophie Buitinck, Rogier Jansen, Saskia Rijkenberg, Jos P. J. Wester, Rob J. Bosman, Nardo J. M. van der Meer and Peter H. J. van der Voort
Known colloquially as the “weekend effect,” the association between weekend admissions and increased mortality within hospital settings has become a highly contested topic over the last two decades. Drawing in...
Authors: Louis Faust, Keith Feldman and Nitesh V. Chawla
In light of an aging population with increased cardiovascular comorbidity, the use of oral anticoagulation (OAC) is steadily expanding. A variety of pharmacological alternatives to vitamin K antagonists (VKA) ...
Authors: Joji B. Kuramatsu, Jochen A. Sembill and Hagen B. Huttner
The population pharmacokinetics of total and unbound posaconazole following intravenous administration has not yet been described for the critically ill patient population. The aim of this work was, therefore,...
Authors: Fekade B. Sime, Catherine J. Byrne, Suzanne Parker, Janine Stuart, Jenie Butler, Therese Starr, Saurabh Pandey, Steven C. Wallis, Jeffrey Lipman and Jason A. Roberts
Rapid detection, early resuscitation, and appropriate antibiotic use are crucial for sepsis care. Accurate identification of the site of infection may facilitate a timely provision of appropriate care. We aime...
Vitamin D supplementation has shown promise for reducing mortality in the intensive care setting. As a steroid prohormone with pleiotropic effects, there may be a lag between administration and observing clini...
Authors: Gennaro Martucci, Dayre McNally, Dhruv Parekh, Paul Zajic, Fabio Tuzzolino, Antonio Arcadipane, Kenneth B. Christopher, Harald Dobnig and Karin Amrein
In recent years, argon has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects in an array of models. However, the mechanisms by which argon exerts its neuroprotective characteristics remain unclear. Accumulating evid...
Authors: Jingjin Liu, Kay Nolte, Gary Brook, Lisa Liebenstund, Agnieszka Weinandy, Anke Höllig, Michael Veldeman, Antje Willuweit, Karl-Josef Langen, Rolf Rossaint and Mark Coburn
Septic shock is the most severe form of sepsis, in which profound underlying abnormalities in circulatory and cellular/metabolic parameters lead to substantially increased mortality. A clear understanding and ...
Authors: Jean-Louis Vincent, Gabriel Jones, Sholto David, Elena Olariu and Kevin K. Cadwell
Despite the essential functions of the intestinal microbiota in human physiology, little has been reported about the microbiome in neurocritically ill patients. This investigation aimed to evaluate the charact...
Authors: Ruoting Xu, Chuhong Tan, Jiajia Zhu, Xiuli Zeng, Xuxuan Gao, Qiheng Wu, Qiong Chen, Huidi Wang, Hongwei Zhou, Yan He, Suyue Pan and Jia Yin
