Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 814 patients with and without significant persistent pain at 3 months
No or mild symptoms N = 426 | Significant pain symptoms N = 388 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
Male | 301 (70.8%) | 240 (62%) | 0.01 |
Female | 124 (29.2%) | 147 (38%) | |
Age | 58 (± 17) | 56 (± 17) | 0.2 |
Height (cm) | 171 (± 13) | 170 (± 10) | 0.1 |
Weight (kg) | 79 (± 19) | 81 (± 21) | 0.5 |
Medical history | |||
Hypertension | 180 (42.3%) | 152 (39.2%) | 0.4 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 34 (8%) | 34 (8.8%) | 0.8 |
Ischemic cardiomyopathy | 57 (13.4%) | 34 (8.8%) | 0.05 |
Diabetes mellitus | 78 (18.3%) | 58 (15%) | 0.2 |
History of cancer | 91 (21.4%) | 74 (19.1%) | 0.5 |
Stroke | 12 (2.8%) | 12 (3.1%) | 0.9 |
Hypercholesterolemia | 79 (18.5%) | 61 (15.7%) | 0.3 |
Anxiety and depression syndrome | 28 (6.6%) | 40 (10.3%) | 0.1 |
Active smoking | 109 (25.7%) | 102 (26.5%) | 0.9 |
Chronic alcohol intake | 62 (14.7%) | 66 (17.1%) | 0.4 |
Chronic medication | |||
Paracetamol, NSAID | 44 (10.4%) | 46 (11.9%) | 0.6 |
Tramadol | 14 (3.3%) | 19 (4.9%) | 0.3 |
Morphine | 15 (3.5%) | 19 (4.9%) | 0.4 |
Gabapentin, Pregabalin | 19 (4.5%) | 25 (6.5%) | 0.3 |
Neuroleptics | 22 (5.2%) | 30 (7.8%) | 0.2 |
Antidepressant agent | 27 (6.4%) | 45 (11.8%) | 0.01 |
Cause of admission | < 0.001 | ||
Traumatic brain injury | 7 (1.6%) | 8 (2%) | |
Stroke | 7 (1.6%) | 7 (1.8%) | |
Trauma (non neuro) | 37 (8.7%) | 87 (22.4%) | |
Major thoracic surgery | 37 (8.7%) | 30 (7.7%) | |
Burn | 42 (9.9%) | 23 (5.9%) | |
Sepsis | 51 (12%) | 21 (5.4%) | |
COVID-19 | 36 (8.5%) | 37 (9.5%) | |
Acute respiratory failure | 29 (6.8%) | 28 (7.2%) | |
Non-thoracic surgery | 116 (27.2%) | 89 (22.9%) | |
Other | 64 (15%) | 58 (15%) | |