Table 1 Patient characteristics
Characteristic | Control group (n = 72) | Treatment group (n = 18) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years | 66 (59–73) | 60 (53–69) | 0.15 |
HbA1c, % | 7.7 (6.5–8.5) | 7.7 (7.2–9.6) | 0.38 |
ICU length of stay, days | 6 (3–10) | 8 (4–16) | 0.14 |
Male sex | 47/72 (65%) | 14/18 (78%) | 0.31 |
Body weight, kga | 87 (72–108) | 94 (83–102) | 0.31 |
Comorbidity | |||
Cardiovascular disease | 7/72 (10%) | 11/18 (61%) | < 0.001 |
Renal disease | 0/72 (0%) | 4/18 (22%) | < 0.001 |
Lung disease | 9/72 (12%) | 6/18 (33%) | 0.034 |
Liver disease | 9/72 (12%) | 2/18 (11%) | 0.87 |
Baseline creatinine, µmol/l | 81 (62–142) | 98 (88–101) | 0.88 |
Diabetes therapy | 0.93 | ||
Insulin only | 12/72 (17%) | 4/18 (22%) | |
Insulin & noninsulin glucose-lowering drugs | 17/72 (24%) | 4/18 (22%) | |
Noninsulin glucose-lowering drugs only | 32/72 (44%) | 8/18 (44%) | |
Diet control only | 11/72 (15%) | 2/18 (11%) | |
Location before ICU | < 0.001 | ||
Operating room | 44/71 (62%) | 4/18 (22%) | |
Emergency department | 5/71 (7%) | 8/18 (44%) | |
Ward | 17/71 (24%) | 5/18 (28%) | |
Other hospital | 5/71 (7%) | 1/18 (6%) | |
Admission diagnosisb | |||
Sepsis | 4/72 (6%) | 10/18 (56%) | < 0.001 |
Cardiovascular | 37/72 (51%) | 3/18 (17%) | 0.008 |
Neurological | 6/72 (8%) | 2/18 (11%) | 0.71 |
Gastrointestinal | 14/72 (19%) | 0/18 (0%) | 0.042 |
Respiratory | 7/72 (10%) | 4/18 (22%) | 0.15 |
Trauma | 1/72 (1%) | 1/18 (6%) | 0.28 |
Renal | 43/72 (60%) | 0/18 (0%) | < 0.001 |
Hematological | 2/72 (3%) | 0/18 (0%) | 0.47 |
Mechanical ventilation | 53/72 (74%) | 15/18 (83%) | 0.39 |
Renal replacement therapy | 3/72 (4%) | 1/18 (6%) | 0.80 |
Vasopressor infusion | 29/72 (40%) | 12/18 (67%) | 0.044 |
APACHE III score | 60 (42–77) | 62 (46–71) | 0.94 |