Fig. 3From: The increase in cardiac output induced by a decrease in positive end-expiratory pressure reliably detects volume responsiveness: the PEEP-test studySensitivity and specificity of the changes in cardiac index induced by the PEEP-test depending on the test result. The gray zone represents the uncertain zone with cut-off values with a sensitivity of < 90% or a specificity of < 90%. ∆CIPEEP-test: changes in cardiac index induced by the decrease in positive end-expiratory pressure from baseline to 5 cmH2OBack to article page