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Table 2 Differential diagnoses to consider in patients with ARDS

From: A structured diagnostic algorithm for patients with ARDS

Diffuse alveolar damage

Idiopathic; acute interstitial pneumonia

 

First presentation of ILD

 

Acceleration of known ILD

Cardiogenic pulmonary edema

 Infection

Bacterial pneumonia

Viral pneumonia

Fungal infection

PJP pneumonia

HSV/CMV reactivation

 Interstitial lung diseases and vasculitis

Vasculitis (e.g., GPA, EGPA, and Goodpasture)

Autoimmune disease (e.g., RA, SLE, SSc, Sjögren, antisynthetase syndrome, amyopathic (dermato) myositis and overlap syndromes)

Medication-related: amiodarone/tyrosine kinase inhibitor/ chemotherapy / many others (www.pneumotox.com)

Radiotherapy-associated

 Malignancies

Lymphangitis carcinomatosa

Intrapulmonary lymphoma

  1. ILD interstitial lung disease, PJP Pneumocystis jirovecii, HSV Herpes simplex virus, CMV cyto- megalo virus, GPA granulomatosis with polyangiitis, EGPA eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, RA rheumatoid artritis, SLE systemic lupus erythematosus, SSc systemic sclerosis
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Critical Care

ISSN: 1364-8535