Author/year | Study design | N | Patients | Activity/Breathing pattern | Flow (L/min) | FiO2 or SpO2 | RR (breaths/min) | PaCO2 or PtCO2 | VT (ml) | MV (L/min) | PTP (cmH2O x Sec/min) | Others |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bräunlich et al. 2016 [21] | Prospective | 54 | Stable COPD gold C or D | Not specified | 20 | Not specified | 11.6 ± 3.6 | 91 ± 6.7 | 534 ± 215 | 6.0 ± 2.8 | NA | MAP: 0.92 ± 0.5 RSBI: 27.4 ± 17.9 |
30 | 11.1 ± 3.6 | 87.4 ± 6.2 | 524 ± 228 | 5.6 ± 2.6 | NA | MAP: 1.44 ± 0.8 RSBI: 28 ± 18.9 | ||||||
40 | 10.3 ± 3.3 | NA | 562 ± 249 | 5.5 ± 2.5 | NA | MAP: 2.14 ± 1 RSBI: 25.1 ± 19.9 | ||||||
50 | 9.9 ± 2.7 | NA | 559 ± 260 | 5.4 ± 2.5 | NA | MAP: 3.01 ± 1 RSBI:25.4 ± 18.3 | ||||||
Pisani et al. 2017 [12] | Randomized controlled trial | 14 | COPD with CHRF | MC | 0 | Not specified | 24.8 ± 2.3 | 61.2 ± 9.2 | 314 ± 84 | NA | 238.3 ± 82.1 | PEEPi, dyn: 2.12 ± 0.9 Comfort: 7 (5,8) \(\Delta\) Pes: 13.5 ± 6.7 |
MC | 20 | 19.0 ± 5.2 | 57.2 ± 11.7 | 391 ± 106 | NA | 164.2 ± 51.3 | PEEPi, dyn: 1.48 ± 0.7 Comfort:5.5 (5,8) \(\Delta\) Pes: 8.7 ± 4.1 | |||||
MO | 20.8 ± 5.8 | NA | NA | NA | 172.7 ± 45.4 | \(\Delta\) Pes: 12 ± 5.8 | ||||||
MC | 30 | 18.7 ± 3.6 | 55.7 ± 10.6 | 364.2 ± 66 | NA | 143.2 ± 48.9 | PEEPi, dyn: 1.03 ± 0.6 Comfort: 5.5 (2,8) \(\Delta\) Pes: 8.2 ± 3.7 | |||||
MO | 19.6 ± 2.8 | NA | NA | NA | 157.3 ± 56.9 | \(\Delta\) Pes: 10.2 ± 5.2 | ||||||
Bräunlich et al. 2018 [23] | Prospective | 36 | Stable COPD with CHRF | Not specified | 20 | Not specified | NA | 94.2 ± 8.3a | NA | NA | NA | PaO2: 99.2 ± 18.9a MAP: 0.57 ± 3.8 |
40 | NA | 93.5 ± 4.4a | NA | NA | NA | PaO2: 93.1 ± 15.7a MAP: 2.3 ± 1.6 | ||||||
Mckinstry et al. 2018 [22] | Randomized controlled trial | 48 | Stable COPD | Not specified | 0 | FIO2 0.21 | 17.5 ± 4.8 | 38.8 ± 5b | NA | NA | NA | NA |
15 | 16.0 ± 5.7 | 38.0 ± 5.3b | NA | NA | NA | Comfort:11 (4.5,17,4) | ||||||
30 | 13.4 ± 5.2 | 37.3 ± 6.0b | NA | NA | NA | Comfort:22 (13.8,26.7) | ||||||
45 | 13.3 ± 4.8 | 36.3 ± 5.6b | NA | NA | NA | NA | ||||||
Rittayamai et al. 2019 [11] | Prospective | 12 | Hypercapnic COPD | Not specified | 10 | SpO2 ≥ 92%, FIO2 0.30–0.40 | 24 (20,29) | 41 ± 7b | NA | NA | 220 ± 100 | SF:271 ± 3c |
20 | 23 (18,28) | 41 ± 8b | NA | NA | 211 ± 90 | SF:274 ± 3c | ||||||
30 | 21 (18,27) | 41 ± 7b | NA | NA | 187 ± 84 | SF:277 ± 3c | ||||||
40 | 21 (18,27) | 41 ± 7b | NA | NA | 189 ± 87 | SF:277 ± 2c | ||||||
50 | 21 (18,26) | 41 ± 7b | NA | NA | 201 ± 86 | SF: 280 ± 2c | ||||||
Delorme et al. 2017 [24] | Randomized crossover trial | 5 | Hypercapnic | Not specified | 5 ± 4 (baseline) | SpO2 90–94% | NA | NA | NA | 15.3 (11.2, 20.0) | 192 (161, 245) | WOB: 7.6 (4.0, 8.4) |
20 | NA | NA | NA | 12.1 (7.4, 15.0) | 173 (105, 252) | WOB: 4.2 (2.4, 5.2) | ||||||
40 | NA | NA | NA | 9.6 (7.6, 20.4) | 173 (147, 228) | WOB: 3.7 (3.0, 6.7) | ||||||
60 | NA | NA | NA | 12.2 (6.6, 16.3) | 145 (79, 235) | WOB: 5.1 (1.8, 5.4) |