Table 1 Clinical variables and outcomes in ARDS patients with different lung morphology
All (n = 396) | Lung morphology | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Focal (n = 142) | Non-focal (n = 254) | |||
Age (years) | 64 (52, 74) | 63.5 (52, 73) | 64 (52, 74) | 0.92 |
Male (gender), n (%) | 273 (68.9) | 101 (71.1) | 172 (67.7) | 0.55 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.0 (22.0, 26.1) | 24.2 (22.9, 27.0) | 23.6 (21.1, 25.7) | 0.002 |
ARDS Primary risk factor, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
Pneumonia | 246 (62.1) | 53 (37.3) | 193 (76) | |
Sepsis | 68 (17.2) | 45 (31.7) | 23 (9.1) | |
Aspiration | 34 (8.6) | 14 (9.9) | 20 (7.9) | |
Other | 48 (12.1) | 30 (21.1) | 18 (7.1) | |
SOFA score | 8 (6, 11) | 8 (6, 11) | 8.5 (6, 11) | 0.93 |
APACHE II score | 22.3 (7.6) | 21.7 (7.0) | 22.5 (7.9) | 0.29 |
Severity of ARDS at baseline, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||
Mild | 123 (31.1) | 56 (39.4) | 67 (26.4) | |
Moderate | 203 (51.3) | 73 (51.4) | 130 (51.2) | |
Severe | 70 (17.7) | 13 (9.2) | 57 (22.4) | |
Vital signs in the first 24 h | ||||
Heart rate (beats min−1) | 98 (94, 99) | 98 (94.3, 99) | 97 (94, 99) | 0.12 |
MAP (mmHg) | 69 (65.3, 74.7) | 69 (65.7, 76) | 68.8 (64.7, 74) | 0.14 |
Temperature (℃) | 37.8 (0.96) | 37.9 (0.98) | 37.7 (0.95) | 0.21 |
Parameters of mechanical ventilation in the first 24 h | ||||
Respiratory rate (breaths min−1) | 25 (21, 30) | 24.5 (20, 28) | 25.5 (22, 31) | 0.0080 |
Tidal volume (ml/kg PBW) | 8.1 (6.9, 9.6) | 8.4 (7.3, 9.8) | 7.9 (6.7, 9.3) | 0.007 |
Minute ventilation (L/min) | 12.4 (9.5, 15.6) | 12.6 (10.0, 15.9) | 12.3 (9.4, 15.2) | 0.43 |
PEEP (cmH20) | 9 (7, 10) | 8 (6, 10) | 10 (8, 11) | < 0.001 |
Peak pressure (cmH20) | 24 (21, 28) | 23 (20, 26) | 25 (21.25, 29) | < 0.001 |
Driving pressure (cmH20) | 16 (13, 20) | 15 (13, 18) | 16 (13, 20) | 0.17 |
Mechanical power (J/min) | 20.2 (14.8, 25.9) | 19.9 (14.4, 24.4) | 20.3 (14.9, 27.1) | 0.11 |
Compliance (ml/cmH20) | 30.9 (22.0, 41.5) | 32.2 (25.6, 43.7) | 30.3 (20.3, 40.7) | 0.017 |
Ventilatory ratio | 1.86 (1.37, 2.43) | 1.78 (1.34, 2.24) | 1.92 (1.39, 2.51) | 0.18 |
PaCO2 (mmHg) | 34.8 (29.8, 40.4) | 33.9 (28.4, 39.4) | 35.3 (30.3, 41.4) | 0.018 |
PaO2/FiO2 ratio (mmHg) | 158.4 (116.5, 213.4) | 179.1 (144.9, 237.2) | 147.0 (107.6, 203.3) | < 0.001 |
Laboratory data in the first 24 h | ||||
pH | 7.39 (7.32, 7.44) | 7.38 (7.32, 7.43) | 7.39 (7.32, 7.44) | 0.62 |
BUN | 9.6 (6.3, 14.5) | 10.7 (6.75, 15.6) | 9.35 (5.65, 13.8) | 0.048 |
Creatinine (mmol/L) | 97 (68, 155.5) | 111.5 (72.25, 181) | 91 (65, 143) | 0.007 |
Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 15 (9.3, 26.2) | 17.4 (11.6, 28.25) | 13.65 (8.47, 23.15) | 0.022 |
D-dimer (ug/ml) | 2.25 (0.78, 4.68) | 2.58 (0.82, 4.70) | 2.10 (0.78, 4.63) | 0.44 |
Bicarbonate (mmol/L) | 21.1 (18.3, 24.1) | 20.5 (17.8, 23.9) | 21.6 (18.5, 24.7) | 0.048 |
Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.9 (1.28, 3.1) | 2 (1.3, 3.58) | 1.8 (1.2, 2.68) | 0.021 |
Use of adjunct treatments | ||||
ECMO, n (%) | 44 (11.1) | 5 (3.5) | 39 (15.4) | < 0.001 |
Prone positioning, n (%) | 177 (44.7) | 25 (17.6) | 152 (59.8) | < 0.001 |
NMBA, n (%) | 95 (24.0) | 5 (3.5) | 90 (35.4) | < 0.001 |
Clinical outcomes | ||||
Alive and VFDs at Day 28 (days) | 7.0 (0, 21.0) | 15.5 (0, 22.4) | 0 (0, 19.4) | < 0.001 |
ICU mortality, n (%) | 111 (28) | 21 (14.8) | 90 (35.4) | < 0.001 |
Hospital mortality, n (%) | 119 (30.1) | 26 (18.3) | 93 (36.6) | < 0.001 |
28-day mortality, n (%) | 136 (34.3) | 28 (19.7) | 108 (42.5) | < 0.001 |