Cytokine hemoadsorption with CytoSorb® in post-cardiac arrest syndrome, a pilot randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Secondary outcomes and adverse events

	Control (n = 11)	Hemoadsorption (n = 10)	Total (n = 21)	p value
Secondary outcomes
Death within 14 days	7 (64)	7 (70)	14 (67)	1.00*
Death within 28 days	7 (64)	7 (70)	14 (67)	1.00*
ICU length of stay, days	4.5 (2.5, 5.8)	4.3 (2.8, 9.2)	4.5 (2.8, 5.8)	0.64^§
CRP at day 2, mg/L^×	207 (157, 249)	206 (129, 215)	206 (150, 221)	0.78^§
Acute Kidney Injury^£	7 (64)	9 (90)	16 (76)	0.31*
50% decrease in norepinephrine dose within 24 h	6 (54)	0 (0)	6 (28)	0.01*
50% decrease in norepinephrine dose within 48 h^×	6 (60)	2 (22)	8 (42)	0.17*
Shock reversal within 24 h	5 (45)	1 (10)	6 (29)	0.15*
Serum lactate at 24 h, mmol/L	1 (1, 3)	2 (2, 5)	2 (1, 4)	0.20^§
Serum lactate at 48 h, mmol/L^×	1 (1, 1)	1 (1, 2)	1 (1, 2)	0.35^§
Norepinephrine at 24 h, µg/min	1 (0, 32)	18 (16, 33)	16 (1, 32)	0.09^§
Norepinephrine at 48 h, µg/min^×	2 (0, 8)	11 (2, 26)	4 (0, 26)	0.22^§
Change in SOFA score at day 1	1 (0, 2)	2 (1, 3)	1 (1, 3)	0.17^§
Change in SOFA score at day 2^×	− 1 (− 3, 2)	3 (1, 4)	1 (− 1, 4)	0.02^§
Adverse events
RBC within 2 days^§§, units	3	3	6
Elevated aPTT**	2 (18)	5 (50)	7 (33)	0.18*
Thrombopenia^¤ within 1 day	2 (18)	5 (50)	7 (33)	0.18*
Severe thrombopenia^¤¤ within 1 day	0 (0)	0 (0)	0 (0)
Thrombopenia within 2 days^×	3 (30)	5 (56)	8 (42)	0.37*
Severe thrombopenia within 2 days^×	1 (10)	3 (33)	4 (21)	0.30*
Study catheter-related infection	–	0 (0)	–
Major bleeding event	1 (9)	1 (10)	2 (10)	1.00*

Data are presented as median (interquartile range—IQR) for continuous measures, and n (%) for categorical measures
CRP C-reactive protein, ICU intensive care unit, RBC red blood cells, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment
^×Only survivors at day 2 were included (n = 10 in control group and n = 9 in hemoadsorption group)
*Fisher’s exact test. §: Wilcoxon rank-sum test
^£AKI is defined as any of the following: increase in serum creatinine by × 0.3 mg/dl within 48 h; or increase in serum creatinine to × 1.5 times baseline, which is known or presumed to have occurred within the prior 7 days; or urine volume < 0.5 ml/kg/h for 6 h
**Elevated aPTT ≥ 1.5 times the value at HA initiation in intervention group and/or aPTT ≥ 1.5 times the value at ICU admission, within 2 days after randomization. ^§§Total count for the population. ^¤Thrombopenia < 150G/L and thrombocytes at randomization > 150G/l. ^¤¤Thrombopenia < 100G/L and thrombocytes at randomization > 150G/l

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