First author, year | Trial registration | Sample size (study group: control) | Country leading study | Number of centers | Enrolment period | Funding | Location of cardiac arrest | Time of intervention administration | Study group | Control group |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Paris [20] | NR | 81 (37:46) | USA | Singleā(13 Mobile Intensive Care Units) | November, 1984 | Organon Pharmaceuticals | 100% out-of-hospital | During CPR | Patients were given 100Ā mg of dexamethasone in 10Ā cc of diluent during CPR | Patients were given an identical study group matched volume of placebo during CPR |
Metz [19] | NR | 814 (418:396) | USA | NR | NR | Grant from the Upjohn Company (Former Pharmaceutical Company) | NR | After CPR | Patients received investigational therapyā<ā6Ā h post-arrest and 30Ā mg/kg methylprednisolone sodium succinate (3Ā g maximum) | Patients received investigational therapy 6ā12Ā h post-arrest and 30Ā mg/kg of an identical study group matching placebo (3Ā g maximum) |
Mentzelopoulos [8] | NCT00411879 | 100 (48:52) | Greece | 1 | 07/2006ā03/2007 | Thorax Research Foundation, Athens, Greece, and the Greek Society of Intensive Care Medicine | 100% In-hospital | During and after CPR | Patients were given vasopressin (20Ā IU/CPR cycle) plus epinephrine (1Ā mg per CPR cycle) for the first 5 cycles post-randomization. During the first cycle of CPR, patients received methylprednisolone (40Ā mg). Shock after resuscitation was treated with stress-dose hydrocortisone (300Ā mg daily for 7Ā days maximum and gradual taper) | Patients were given isotonic sodium chloride solution placebo solution with epinephrine (1Ā mg per CPR cycle) for the first 5 CPR cycles post-randomization On the first CPR cycle, patients received saline placebo. Shock was treated with stress-dose hydrocortisone-sodium succinate (300Ā mg daily for 7Ā days maxi- mum, with gradual taper) |
Mentzelopoulos [7] | NCT00729794 | 268 (130/āĀ 138) | Greece | 3 | 09/2008ā10/2010 | Greek Society of Intensive Care Medicine and the Project āSynergasiaā (ie, Cooperation) of the Greek Ministry of Education | 100% In-hospital | During and after resuscitation | Patients were given vasopressin (20Ā IU/CPR cycle) plus epinephrine (1 mg per CPR cycle; cycle duration approximately 3Ā min) for the first 5 CPR cycles after randomization, followed by additional epinephrine if needed. During the first cycle of CPR, patients received d methylprednisolone (40Ā mg). Shock after resuscitation was treated with stress-dose hydrocortisone (300Ā mg daily for 7Ā days maximum and gradual taper) | Patients were given saline placebo plus epinephrine (1Ā mg per CPR cycle; cycle duration approximately 3Ā min) for the first 5 CPR cycles after randomization, followed by additional epinephrine if needed. During the first CPR cycle after randomization, patients received saline placebo. Shock after resuscitation was treated with saline placebo |
Donnino [9] | NCT00676585 | 50 (25:25) | USA | 3 | 01/2008ā3/2014 | Grant from the American Heart Association | 24% in-hospital: 76% out-of hospital | During and After CPR | Patients were given 100Ā mg hydrocortisone intravenously every 8Ā h up to 7Ā days or 24Ā h after shock reversal | Patients were given identical study group matched volumes of placebo intravenously every 8Ā h up to 7Ā days or 24Ā h after shock reversal |
Bolvardi [10] | NR | 50 (25:25) | Iran | 1 | 2015 | NR | 100% in-hospital | During CPR (first cycle) | Patients were given epinephrine (1mp per CPR cycle) and 150Ā mg intravenous methylprednisone during the first cycle of CPR or after the second administration of epinephrine | Patients were given epinephrine (1mp per CPR cycle) and identical study group matched volumes of saline as placebo were administered during the first cycle of CPR or after the second administration of epinephrine |
Andersen [1] | NCT03640949 | 501 (237:264) | Denmark | 10 | October 15, 2018, to January 21, 2021 | Aarhus University Research Foundation; the Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University; the Central Denmark Region; and the Independent Research Fund Denmark | 100% in-hospital | NR | Patients were given (40Ā mg) of methylprednisolone and 20Ā IU of vasopressin after the first dose of epinephrine. Additional doses of vasopressin (20Ā IU) were administered after each epinephrine dose for a maximum of 4 doses (80Ā IU) | Patients were given 9Ā mg/mL of sodium chloride from identical ampoules after each epinephrine dose for a maximum of 4 doses (80Ā IU) |
Rafiei [21] | IRCT20130812014333N127 | 347 (171:176) | Iran | 1 | May 15, 2019 ā August 16, 2019 | Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences | 100% in-hospital | During and after CPR | Patients received epinephrine at a dose of 1Ā mg per CPR cycle and 125Ā mg methylprednisone during the first cycle of resuscitation or during the second injection of epinephrine | Patients received epinephrine at a dose of 1Ā mg per CPR cycle and a placebo control during the first cycle of resuscitation or during the second injection of epinephrine |