Table 1 Patient characteristics in the four clusters
Severely ill & Frail | Middle-aged | Young Trauma | Old non-frail | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(N = 188) | (N = 331) | (N = 108) | (N = 321) | ||
Female sex | 107 (56.9) | 202 (61.0) | 60 (55.6) | 185 (57.6) | 0.67 |
Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 25.4 [23.5–27.7] | 25.7 [23.1–28.1] | 24.2 [21.1–26.7] | 25.4 [23.3–28.1] | 0.007 |
Underweight | 5 (2.7) | 21 (6.3) | 7 (6.5) | 14 (4.4) | 0.52 |
Normal | 74 (39.4) | 123 (37.2) | 60 (55.6) | 132 (41.1) | |
Overweight | 82 (43.6) | 135 (40.8) | 30 (27.8) | 130 (40.5) | |
Obese | 27 (14.4) | 52 (15.7) | 11 (10.2) | 45 (14.0) | |
Age (years) | 78 (73–82) | 59 (54–63) | 34 (27–40) | 75 (71–80) | < 0.001 |
≤ 50 | 0 (0.0) | 46 (13.9) | 108 (100.0) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.001 |
51–65 | 11 (5.9) | 268 (81.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
66–80 | 115 (61.2) | 17 (5.1) | 0 (0.0) | 241 (75.1) | |
> 80 | 62 (33.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 80 (24.9) | |
Department | |||||
Neuro | 92 (48.9) | 145 (43.8) | 61 (56.5) | 136 (42.4) | 0.001 |
Surgical | 72 (38.3) | 152 (45.9) | 40 (37.0) | 164 (51.1) | |
Medical | 21 (11.2) | 22 (6.6) | 6 (5.6) | 8 (2.5) | |
Other | 3 (1.6) | 12 (3.6) | 1 (0.9) | 13 (4.0) | |
Hospital admission | |||||
From home | 110 (58.5) | 216 (65.3) | 76 (70.4) | 211 (65.7) | 0.001 |
From hospital | 65 (34.6) | 113 (34.1) | 31 (28.7) | 104 (32.4) | |
From nursing home | 12 (6.4) | 2 (0.6) | 0 | 4 (1.2) | |
Unknown | 1 (0.5) | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 2 (0.6) | |
Scorings | |||||
Frailty | 101 (53.7) | 44 (13.3) | 13 (12.0) | 88 (27.4) | < 0.001 |
Glasgow Coma Scale | 6 [3–10] | 14 [7–15] | 14 [7–15] | 15 [14, 15] | < 0.001 |
APACHE 2 | 24 [20–28] | 14 [9–17] | 9 [4–14] | 13 [10–15] | < 0.001 |
SOFA | 10 [7–12] | 6 [4–8] | 5 [3–8] | 6 [4–7] | < 0.001 |
Charlson Comorbidity Index | 2 [1–4] | 1 [0–2] | 0 [0–1] | 2 [1–3] | < 0.001 |
ICU admission reasons | |||||
Sepsis | 48 (25.5) | 39 (11.8) | 11 (10.2) | 39 (12.1) | < 0.001 |
Polytrauma | 2 (1.1) | 8 (2.4) | 18 (16.7) | 7 (2.2) | < 0.001 |
Traumatic brain injury | 22 (11.7) | 28 (8.5) | 25 (23.1) | 34 (10.6) | < 0.001 |
Non-traumatic brain injury | 46 (24.5) | 90 (27.2) | 28 (25.9) | 52 (16.2) | 0.006 |
Postoperative care | 19 (10.1) | 68 (20.5) | 19 (17.6) | 84 (26.2) | < 0.001 |
Cardiac failure | 18 (9.6) | 16 (4.8) | 2 (1.9) | 18 (5.6) | 0.034 |
Respiratory failure | 62 (33.0) | 90 (27.2) | 20 (18.5) | 117 (36.4) | 0.002 |
Other admission reasons | 18 (9.6) | 63 (19.0) | 9 (8.3) | 63 (19.6) | 0.001 |
MTB at hospital admission | 30 [15–30] | 30 [30–30] | 30 [30–30] | 30 [30–30] | < 0.001 |
0 | 3 (1.6) | 4 (1.2) | 2 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
5 | 13 (6.9) | 2 (0.6) | 2 (1.9) | 2 (0.6) | |
10 | 11 (5.9) | 2 (0.6) | 5 (4.6) | 3 (0.9) | |
15 | 21 (11.2) | 6 (1.8) | 1 (0.9) | 9 (2.8) | < 0.001 |
20 | 24 (12.8) | 8 (2.4) | 1 (0.9) | 12 (3.7) | |
25 | 19 (10.1) | 11 (3.3) | 1 (0.9) | 29 (9.0) | |
30 | 97 (51.6) | 298 (90.0) | 96 (88.9) | 266 (82.9) | |