| Original cohort, N, (%) | After adjustment of IPW, % | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All patients N = 890 | Missing | n-TTM N = 249 | h-TTM N = 641 | SMD | n-TTM | h-TTM | SMD | |
Basic information | ||||||||
 Men | 736 (82.7) | 0 (0.0) | 207 (83.1) | 529 (82.5) | 0.016 | 83.9 | 82.7 | 0.032 |
 Age, y, median (IQR) | 59 (48–68) | 0 (0.0) | 60 (50–68) | 58 (48–67) | 0.115 | 59 (50–67) | 59 (48–68) | 0.004 |
 Cardiac cause of arrest | 816 (91.5) | 0 (0.0) | 220 (88.4) | 594 (92.7) | 0.148 | 91.8 | 91.5 | 0.009 |
Prehospital information | ||||||||
 Bystander witness | 716 (80.5) | 0 (0.0) | 205 (82.3) | 511 (79.7) | 0.067 | 79.3 | 80.2 | 0.023 |
 Bystander CPR | 439 (49.3) | 0 (0.0) | 122 (49.0) | 317 (49.5) | 0.009 | 48.2 | 49.3 | 0.021 |
 Use of public-access AEDs | 86 (9.7) | 0 (0.0) | 22 (8.8) | 64 (10.0) | 0.039 | 9.9 | 9.5 | 0.013 |
 Initially documented rhythm at the scene |  | 0 (0.0) |  |  | 0.286 |  |  | 0.006 |
  Shockable rhythm | 587 (65.9) |  | 140 (56.2) | 447 (69.7) |  | 65.4 | 65.7 |  |
   Ventricular fibrillation | 583 (65.5) |  | 139 (55.8) | 444 (69.3) |  |  |  |  |
   Pulseless ventricular tachycardia | 4 (0.5) |  | 1 (0.4) | 3 (0.5) |  |  |  |  |
  Non-shockable rhythm | 220 (24.7) |  | 77 (30.9) | 143 (22.3) |  | 25.2 | 24.9 |  |
   Pulseless electric activity | 141 (15.8) |  | 51 (20.5) | 90 (14.0) |  |  |  |  |
   Asystole | 79 (8.9) |  | 26 (10.4) | 53 (8.3) |  |  |  |  |
  Unknown | 83 (9.3) |  | 32 (12.9) | 51 (8.0) |  | 9.5 | 9.4 |  |
 Epinephrine | 309 (34.7) | 0 (0.0) | 83 (33.3) | 226 (35.3) | 0.041 | 34.8 | 34.9 | 0.001 |
 Advanced airway management | 803 (90.2) | 0 (0.0) | 229 (92.0) | 574 (89.5) | 0.084 | 89.6 | 90.1 | 0.017 |
 EMS call to contact with a patient, min, median (IQR) | 7 (5–8) | 0 (0.0) | 7 (6–8) | 7 (5–8) | 0.047 | 7 (5–8) | 7 (5–8) | 0.005 |
 EMS contact with a patient to hospital, min, median (IQR)a | 23 (18–30) | 10 (1.1) | 24 (18–30) | 23 (18–30) | 0.021 | 23 (18–30) | 23 (18–30) | 0.006 |
Hospital characteristics | ||||||||
 CCMC | 838 (94.2) | 0 (0.0) | 241 (96.8) | 597 (93.1) | 0.171 | 92.6 | 94.2 | 0.067 |
 Annual number of patients treated with ECMO |  | 0 (0.0) |  |  | 0.293 |  |  | 0.011 |
  Low volume | 319 (35.8) |  | 81 (32.5) | 238 (37.1) |  | 36.2 | 35.9 |  |
  Middle volume | 313 (35.1) |  | 72 (28.9) | 241 (37.6) |  | 35.0 | 34.9 |  |
  High volume | 258 (29.0) |  | 96 (38.6) | 162 (25.3) |  | 28.7 | 29.2 |  |
In-hospital information | ||||||||
 Initially documented rhythm at the hospital |  | 0 (0.0) |  |  | 0.161 |  |  | 0.025 |
  Shockable rhythm | 422 (47.4) |  | 110 (44.2) | 312 (48.7) |  | 46.3 | 47.4 |  |
   Ventricular fibrillation | 407 (45.7) |  | 105 (42.2) | 302 (47.1) |  |  |  |  |
   Pulseless ventricular tachycardia | 15 (1.7) |  | 5 (2.0) | 10 (1.6) |  |  |  |  |
  Non-shockable rhythm | 411 (46.2) |  | 116 (46.6) | 295 (46.0) |  | 47.9 | 46.7 |  |
   Pulseless electric activity | 248 (27.9) |  | 67 (26.9) | 181 (28.2) |  |  |  |  |
   Asystole | 163 (18.3) |  | 49 (19.7) | 114 (17.8) |  |  |  |  |
  Presence of pulse | 57 (6.4) |  | 23 (9.2) | 34 (5.3) |  | 5.8 | 5.9 |  |
 ECMO induction before first ROSC | 596 (67.0) | 0 (0.0) | 169 (67.9) | 427 (66.6) | 0.027 | 66.1 | 67.1 | 0.021 |
 Performance of coronary angiography | 792 (89.0) | 0 (0.0) | 210 (84.3) | 582 (90.8) |  |  |  |  |
  Success of percutaneous coronary intervention | 416 (46.7) | 0 (0.0) | 116 (46.6) | 300 (46.8) | 0.004 | 46.2 | 46.9 | 0.013 |
 Hospital arrival to ECMO, min, median (IQR)a | 29 (20–41) | 7 (0.8) | 29 (20–45) | 29 (20–40) | 0.017 | 29 (20–47) | 30 (20–40) | 0.023 |
 TTM induction time, min, median (IQR)a | 95 (28–238) | 81 (9.1) | 60 (5–193) | 110 (31–240) | 0.174 |  |  |  |