Certainty assessment | No of patients | Effect | Certainty | Importance | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No of studies | Study design | Risk of bias | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Other considerations | HFNC | NIV | Relative (95% CI) | Absolute (95% CI) | ||
Mortality | ||||||||||||
4 | Randomized trials | Not seriousa | Not serious | Not serious | Very seriousb | None | 18/127 (14.2%) | 21/123 (17.1%) | RR 0.86 (0.48 to 1.56) | 2 fewer per 100 (from 9 fewer to 10 more) | ⨁⨁◯◯ Low | |
Intubation | ||||||||||||
4 | Randomized trials | Not seriousa | Not serious | Not serious | Very seriousc | None | 19/141 (13.5%) | 23/134 (17.2%) | RR 0.80 (0.46 to 1.39) | 3 fewer per 100 (from 9 fewer to 7 more) | ⨁⨁◯◯ Low | |
ICU length of stay | ||||||||||||
2 | Randomized trials | Not serious | Seriousd | Not serious | Seriouse | None | 34 | 33 | – | MD 0.08 higher (1.16 lower to 1.32 higher) | ⨁⨁◯◯ Low | |
Hospital length of stay | ||||||||||||
4 | Randomized trials | Not serious | Not serious | Not serious | Not seriousf | None | 178 | 174 | – | MD 0.82 lower (1.83 lower to 0.2 higher) | ⨁⨁⨁⨁ High | |
Comfort | ||||||||||||
2 | Randomized trials | seriousg | Serioush | Not serious | Seriousi | None | 49 | 52 | – | SMD 0.32 lower (1.78 lower to 1.13 higher) | ⨁◯◯◯ Very low | |
Dyspnea | ||||||||||||
4 | Randomized trials | seriousg | Not serious | Not serious | Seriousj | None | 98 | 93 | – | MD 0.04 lower (0.54 lower to 0.45 higher) | ⨁⨁◯◯ Low | |
PaO2 | ||||||||||||
5 | Randomized trials | Not seriousa | Not serious | Not serious | Not seriousk | None | 215 | 212 | – | MD 0.78 lower (4.18 lower to 2.62 higher) | ⨁⨁⨁⨁ High | |
PaCO2 | ||||||||||||
7 | Randomized trials | Not seriousa | Seriousl | Not serious | Not seriousk | None | 245 | 242 | – | MD 1.87 lower (5.34 lower to 1.6 higher) | ⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderate | |
Respiratory rate | ||||||||||||
5 | Randomized trials | Not seriousa | Not serious | Not serious | Seriousm | None | 119 | 115 | – | MD 0.85 lower (1.88 lower to 0.18 higher) | ⨁⨁⨁◯ Moderate |