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Table 3 Univariate and multivariate analyses for predicting poor outcome in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation

From: Trends in survival during the pandemic in patients with critical COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation with or without ECMO: analysis of the Japanese national registry data

Univariate analysis

Variable

HR

95% CI (Lower)

95% CI (Upper)

p-value

Age (cont.)

1.05

1.05

1.06

 < 0.001

Age ≥ 66

2.10

2.65

3.19

 < 0.001

Male gender

0.88

0.79

0.97

0.008

BMI (cont.)

0.97

0.96

0.98

 < 0.001

BMI ≥ 25.0

0.74

0.67

0.81

 < 0.001

Inst. experience of mechanical ventilation (cont.)

1.00

1.00

1.00

0.19

Inst. experience of mechanical ventilation ≥ 62

0.81

0.74

0.88

 < 0.001

COVID-19 outbreak (fifth vs others)

0.90

0.87

0.93

 < 0.001

Multivariate analysis (Model 1)

Age (cont.)

1.06

1.06

1.07

 < 0.001

Male gender

1.08

0.97

1.20

0.14

BMI (cont.)

1.03

1.02

1.04

 < 0.001

Inst. experience of mechanical ventilation ≥ 62

0.81

0.74

0.89

 < 0.001

COVID-19 outbreak (fifth vs others)

1.20

0.98

1.46

0.76

Multivariate analysis (Model 2)

Age ≥ 66

3.03

2.70

3.39

 < 0.001

Male gender

0.99

0.89

1.10

0.85

BMI ≥ 25.0

0.99

0.90

1.09

0.84

Inst. experience of mechanical ventilation ≥ 62

0.81

0.74

0.88

 < 0.001

COVID-19 outbreak (fifth vs others)

1.10

0.90

1.35

0.34

  1. Bold indicates analyses with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05)
  2. HR hazard ratio; CI confidence interval; BMI body mass index; ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; COVID-19 coronavirus disease 2019; P/F partial pressure of arterial oxygen/fraction of inspiratory oxygen; PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure; Cont. continuous; Inst. institutional