Table 2 Summary of essential “optimizers” of SPN in clinical practice and future trials identified during the meeting
Optimizers of outcome while using SPN | Endpoints to be include in trials |
|---|---|
Education in nutrition of the critically ill Development of precise protocols translating guidelines to clinical practice Validation of scores able to identify patients likely to benefit from SPN Availability of indirect calorimetry List of variables to monitor during SPN Protocol describing weaning from SPN to EN/oral Further trials adequately designed and powered to generate reliable estimates of treatments effect of SPN on long-term functional outcomes in specific patients at a given time point in disease | Long-term outcome (≥ 90 days) Muscle mass, bioimpedance analysis, phase angle Functional outcomes (handgrip strength walking distance, SF-36) Repeated indirect calorimetry over time Measure of endogenous glucose production Focus on the right dosing and timing of SPN initiation Complications |