Fig. 1

Change in PEEP following the EIT-guided PEEP trial. All 75 patients in this cohort are shown on the x-axis. On the y-axis, the change in PEEP (PEEP_set–PEEP_base) is presented. We identified the patients in which PEEP_set according to the EIT-guided PEEP trial was decreased by ≥ 2 cmH₂O (PEEP_lower in blue) or was increased by ≥ 2 cmH₂O (PEEP_higher in green) as compared to PEEP_base. Patients with a change in PEEP_set of less than 2 cmH₂O as compared to PEEP_base were assigned to a third group: PEEP_equal (in orange)