Table 3 Critical appraisal of eligible quasi-experimental studies

Study

Year

Is it clear in the study what is the “cause” and what is the “effect”

Were the participants included in any comparisons similar?

Were the participants included in any comparisons receiving similar intervention

Was there a control group?

Were there multiple measurements of the outcome both pre and post the intervention?

Was follow-up complete, and if not were differences between groups in terms of their follow-up adequately described and analyzed?

Were the outcomes of participants included in any comparisons measured in the same way?

Were outcomes measured in a reliable way

Was appropriate statistical analysis used