Fig. 2
From: Bedside assessment of left atrial pressure in critical care: a multifaceted gem
Relationship between pulmonary vein (PV) pressure, LAP and mitral inflow Doppler waves throughout the cardiac cycle. PV Doppler D wave mirrors the mitral E wave and occurs at the time of the Y descent. PV A wave is concomitant to the mitral Doppler A wave and to left atrial contraction. The corresponding reservoir, conduit and pump functions of the left atrium are shown. MV mitral valve