| Training cohort | p# | Validation cohort | p# |
---|---|---|---|---|
Before NIV | N = 1451 |  | N = 728 |  |
 HACOR | 0.67 (0.64–0.69) |  < 0.01 | 0.62 (0.58–0.65) |  < 0.01 |
 Updated HACOR | 0.78 (0.76–0.80) |  | 0.71 (0.67–0.74) |  |
After 1–2 h of NIV | N = 1451 |  | N = 728 |  |
 HACOR | 0.80 (0.78–0.82) |  < 0.01 | 0.71 (0.68–0.74) |  < 0.01 |
 Updated HACOR | 0.85 (0.84–0.87) |  | 0.78 (0.75–0.81) |  |
After 12 h of NIV | N = 1133 |  | N = 633 |  |
 HACOR | 0.81 (0.79–0.84) |  < 0.01 | 0.74 (0.70–0.77) |  < 0.01 |
 Updated HACOR | 0.86 (0.83–0.88) |  | 0.79 (0.76–0.82) |  |
After 24 h of NIV | N = 942 |  | N = 552 |  |
 HACOR | 0.82 (0.79–0.84) |  < 0.01 | 0.76 (0.72–0.80) |  < 0.01 |
 Updated HACOR | 0.85 (0.83–0.88) |  | 0.81 (0.77–0.84) |  |