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Table 2 Case volume-dependent characteristics in study cohort

From: Key characteristics impacting survival of COVID-19 extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

 

Low (< 20) n/(%)

Intermediate (20–49) n/(%)

High (≥ 50) n/(%)

p

Total

96 (14.3)

329 (48.9)

248 (36.9)

 

Survivor

19 (19.8)

97 (29.5)

95 (38.3)

0.0024

EOLIA criteria fulfilled

27 (28.1)

146 (44.4)

111 (44.8)

0.0106

SOFA (day 1)

0–9

32 (33.3)

31 (9.4)

64 (25.8)

0.0005

9–12

20 (20.8)

91 (27.7)

21 (8.5)

 

12–15

15 (15.6)

71 (21.5)

4 (1.6)

 

15–21

10 (10.4)

75 (22.8)

1 (0.4)

 

Missing

19 (19.8)

61 (18.5)

158 (64.7)

 

Intubation prior to ECMO [days]

 < 5

25 (26.0)

171 (52.0)

79 (32.9)

0.0005

5–7

21 (21.9)

51 (15.5)

30 (12.1)

 

 ≥ 8

46 (47.9)

87 (26.4)

46 (18.5)

 

No prior

1 (1.0)

9 (2.7)

65 (26.2)

 

Missing

3 (3.1)

11 (3.3)

28 (11.3)

 

Major bleeding or thromboembolic events

70 (72.9)

254 (77.2)

112 (45.2)

 < 0.0001

Secondary bacterial infection (respiratory tract or bloodstream)

69 (71.9)

253 (76.9)

112 (45.2)

 < 0.0001

Renal replacement therapy

64 (66.7)

208 (63.2)

119 (48.0)

0.0002

  1. Survival, disease severity according to SOFA score, time between intubation and ECMO cannulation, incidence of complications (Major bleeding or thromboembolic events, secondary bacterial infection, renal replacement therapy) dependent on annual case volume. Results for SOFA score are given within ranges (0–9, 9–12, 12–15, 15–21). Descriptive statistics are expressed as frequencies for categorical variables (including a category for missing data). Differences between groups were tested using the Mann–Whitney U test (continuous variables), χ2 test (categorical variables) or Fisher’s exact test (categorical variables with observed frequencies < 5), as appropriate