Disparities in adult critical care resources across Pakistan: findings from a national survey and assessment using a novel scoring system

Khan, Mustafa Ali; Shahbaz, Hamna; Noorali, Ali Aahil; Ehsan, Anam Noor; Zaki, Mareeha; Asghar, Fahham; Hassan, Mohammed Moizul; Arshad, Haroon Muhammad; Sohaib, Muhammad; Asghar, Muhammad Ali; Khan, Muhammad Faisal; Sabeen, Amber; Aqeel, Masooma; Khan, Muhammad Haroon; Munir, Tahir; Amin, Syed Kashif; Atiq, Huba; Haider, Adil Hussain; Samad, Zainab; Latif, Asad

doi:10.1186/s13054-022-04046-5

Critical Care

Table 5 Stuff component characteristics

From: Disparities in adult critical care resources across Pakistan: findings from a national survey and assessment using a novel scoring system

Stuff	Total	Type of hospital (n = 106)			Healthcare setting (n = 106)
Stuff	n = 106	Public (n = 76)	Private (n = 30)	P value	Metropolitan (n = 60)	Rural (n = 46)	P value
Personal protective equipment	99 (93.40%) [Obs = 106]	71 (93.42%) [Obs = 76]	28 (93.33%) [Obs = 30]	1.00	57 (95.00%) [Obs = 60]	42 (91.30%) [Obs = 46]	0.46
In-house laboratory testing facility	100 (94.34%) [Obs = 106]	70 (92.11%) [Obs = 76]	30 (100.00%) [Obs = 30]	0.18	57 (95.00%) [Obs = 60]	43 (93.48%) [Obs = 46]	1.00
Critical care drugs	98 (92.45%) [Obs = 106]	69 (90.79%) [Obs = 76]	29 (96.15%) [Obs = 30]	0.44	58 (96.67%) [Obs = 60]	40 (86.96%) [Obs = 46]	0.075
Vascular access devices	87 (82.08%) [Obs = 106]	58 (76.32%) [Obs = 76]	29 (96.67%) [Obs = 30]	0.012	55 (91.67%) [Obs = 60]	32 (69.57%) [Obs = 46]	0.003
Ventilators	100 (94.34%) [Obs = 106]	70 (92.11%) [Obs = 76]	30 (100.00%) [Obs = 30]	0.18	60 (100.00%) [Obs = 60]	40 (86.96%) [Obs = 46]	0.005
BiPap machine	86 (81.13%) [Obs = 105]	58 (76.32%) [Obs = 76]	28 (93.33%) [Obs = 39]	0.021	52 (86.67%) [Obs = 60]	34 (73.91%) [Obs = 45]	0.178
High-flow nasal cannula	60 (56.60%) [Obs = 105]	38 (50.00%) [Obs = 75]	22 (73.33%) [Obs = 30]	0.034	36 (60.00%) [Obs = 59]	24 (52.17%) [Obs = 46]	0.449
Integrated physiologic monitors	97 (91.51%) [Obs = 106]	68 (89.47%) [Obs = 76]	29 (96.67%) [Obs = 30]	0.44	59 (98.33%) [Obs = 60]	38 (82.61%) [Obs = 46]	0.010
Specialized beds for ICU/HDU patients	88 (83.02%) [Obs = 105]	61 (80.26%) [Obs = 75]	27 (90.00%) [Obs = 30]	0.38	53 (88.33%) [Obs = 59]	35 (76.09%) [Obs = 46]	0.058
Intubation equipment	100 (94.34%) [Obs = 106]	70 (92.11%) [Obs = 76]	30 (100.00%) [Obs = 30]	0.18	60 (100.00%) [Obs = 60]	40 (86.96%) [Obs = 46]	0.005
Medication pumps (for IVs, tube feed, etc.)	91 (85.85%) [Obs = 102]	61 (80.26%) [Obs = 72]	30 (100.00%) [Obs = 30]	0.031	57 (95.00%) [Obs = 60]	34 (73.91%) [Obs = 42]	0.047
Suction apparatus	103 (97.17%) [Obs = 106]	62 (81.58%) [Obs = 76]	30 (100.00%) [Obs = 30]	0.56	60 (100.00%) [Obs = 60]	43 (93.48%) [Obs = 46]	0.079
Crash cart with defibrillator	92 (86.19%) [Obs = 105]	54 (71.05%) [Obs = 75]	30 (100.00%) [Obs = 30]	0.018	55 (91.67%) [Obs = 60]	37 (80.43%) [Obs = 45]	0.15
X-ray machine	79 (75.96%) [Obs = 91]	69 (90.79%) [Obs = 65]	25 (83.33%) [Obs = 26]	0.17	47 (78.33%) [Obs = 53]	32 (69.56%) [Obs = 38]	0.53
Decontamination/cleaning materials and chemicals	97 (91.51%) [Obs = 106]	69 (90.79%) [Obs = 76]	28 (93.33%) [Obs = 30]	1.00	55 (91.67%) [Obs = 60]	42 (91.30%) [Obs = 46]	1.00
ICU patient information record/flow sheets	91 (85.85%) [Obs = 106]	63 (82.89%) [Obs = 76]	28 (93.33%) [Obs = 30]	0.22	51 (85.00%) [Obs = 60]	40 (86.96%) [Obs = 46]	0.77
Telephones	83 (78.30%) [Obs = 106]	55 (72.37%) [Obs = 76]	28 (93.33%) [Obs = 30]	0.019	53 (88.33%) [Obs = 60]	30 (65.22%) [Obs = 46]	0.004
Computers	71 (66.98%) [Obs = 106]	44 (57.89%) [Obs = 76]	27 (90.00%) [Obs = 30]	0.001	45 (75.00%) [Obs = 60]	26 (56.52%) [Obs = 46]	0.045
Internet connection	73 (68.87%) [Obs = 106]	46 (60.53%) [Obs = 76]	27 (90.00%) [Obs = 30]	0.003	45 (75.00%) [Obs = 60]	28 (60.87%) [Obs = 46]	0.12

Obs number of definitive observations

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