Fig. 1

Immune monitoring of vaccinated and non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients at intensive care unit admission. Blood samples were collected within the first 48 h after ICU admission for vaccinated and non-vaccinated COVID-19 patients. Healthy volunteers were enrolled as controls. A shows anti-Spike (S1-Receptor Binding Domain) IgG titers measured using the Siemens Atellica IM SARS-CoV-2 IgG (sCOVG) kit and transformed in BAU/mL using the conversion factors provided by the manufacturers. The horizontal dotted line along the x axes indicate the positivity threshold. B shows the percentage of CD3 + T-cell proliferating T cells among total T lymphocytes assessed by monitoring EdU AF488 incorporation after stimulation during 7 days with SARS-Cov-2 S1 and S2 peptide pools. C shows whole blood Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) after specific stimulation with a pool of SARS-CoV-2-specific peptides (bioMérieux Vidas COVIGRA–RUO). D shows whole blood Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) after mitogen stimulation with phytohemagglutinin. For panels C and D, results are expressed as international units per mL (IU/mL). E shows monocyte HLA-DR (mHLA-DR) expression determined using the BD Quantibrite Anti–HLA-DR/Anti-Monocyte standardized method. The horizontal dotted line along the x axes indicates the lowest reference values for mHLA-DR. Results are expressed as numbers of antibodies bound per monocyte (AB/C). F shows CD3 + T cell lymphocyte count measured by flow cytometry. The horizontal dotted line along the x axes indicate the lowest reference values for CD3 + T-cell count. Results were expressed as numbers of cells per µL. Results are presented as individual values and Tukey boxplots in healthy volunteers (HV, open dots), non-vaccinated COVID-19 ICU patients (NV, black dots) and in vaccinated COVID-19 patients (V, red dots)