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Table 3 Summary statistics and univariable analyses for right ventricle assessment predictors by escalated PE intervention*

From: Intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism: echocardiography predictors of clinical deterioration

 

Reperfusion within 5 days

No reperfusion

Overall

p value comparing cases (controls excluded)

 

Case

(N = 66)

Case

(N = 240)

Control

(N = 25)

Case

(N = 306)

Control

(N = 25)

Right ventricle basal width (cm)

 Mean (SD)

4.53

(0.807)

4.24 (0.757)

3.81 (0.700)

4.30 (0.776)

3.81 (0.700)

0.0106

LV basal width (cm)

 Mean (SD)

4.04

(0.740)

4.22 (0.759)

4.54 (0.573)

4.18 (0.757)

4.54 (0.573)

0.0913

 Missing

2 (3.0%)

4 (1.7%)

0 (0%)

6 (2.0%)

0 (0%)

 

Right ventricle mid-width (cm)

 Mean (SD)

3.86 (0.727)

3.48 (0.888)

3.20 (0.819)

3.56 (0.870)

3.20 (0.819)

 < 0.001

 Missing

1 (1.5%)

3 (1.3%)

0 (0%)

4 (1.3%)

0 (0%)

 

RV/LV basal width ratio

 Mean (SD)

1.16

(0.296)

1.04 (0.257)

0.844 (0.123)

1.06 (0.270)

0.844 (0.123)

0.00252

 Missing

2 (3.0%)

4 (1.7%)

0 (0%)

6 (2.0%)

0 (0%)

 

Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion

(TAPSE) (cm)

 Mean (SD)

1.52

(0.414)

1.76 (0.557)

2.06 (0.494)

1.71 (0.539)

2.06 (0.494)

 < 0.001

 Missing

5 (7.6%)

7 (2.9%)

0 (0%)

12 (3.9%)

0 (0%)

 

Estimated PA pressure (mmHg)

 Mean (SD)

50.3 (13.9)

47.2 (18.3)

36.2 (13.4)

47.9 (17.4)

36.2 (13.4)

0.174

 Missing

6 (9.1%)

45 (18.8%)

14 (56.0%)

51 (16.7%)

14

(56.0%)

 

RVSP

 Missing or not detected

6.00 (9.1%)

45.0 (18.8%)

14.0 (56.0%)

51.0 (16.7%)

14.0 (56.0%)

 < 0.001

 Less than 35 mmHg

3.00 (4.5%)

57.0 (23.8%)

6.00 (24.0%)

60.0 (19.6%)

6.00 (24.0%)

 

 Between 35 and 47.5 mmHg

25.0 (37.9%)

50.0 (20.8%)

3.00 (12.0%)

75.0 (24.5%)

3.00 (12.0%)

 

 Between 47.5 and 56 mmHg

18.0 (27.3%)

37.0 (15.4%)

1.00 (4.0%)

55.0 (18.0%)

1.00 (4.0%)

 

 Greater than 56 mmHg

14.0 (21.2%)

51.0 (21.3%)

1.00 (4.0%)

65.0 (21.2%)

1.00 (4.0%)

 

RV free wall systolic excursion velocity S', cm/s

 Mean (SD)

10.4 (3.26)

11.7 (11.3)

14.0 (3.04)

11.4 (10.1)

14.0 (3.04)

0.133

 Missing

6 (9.1%)

17 (7.1%)

1 (4.0%)

23 (7.5%)

1 (4.0%)

 

Initial BNP level (pg/mL)

 Mean (SD)

441 (551)

299 (499)

42.2 (54.8)

329 (512)

42.2 (54.8)

0.0683

 Missing

4 (6.1%)

8 (3.3%)

0 (0%)

12(3.9%)

0 (0%)

 

Initial troponin level (ng/mL)

 Mean (SD)

0.227 (0.356)

0.239 (0.693)

0.0105 (0.0139)

0.237 (0.635)

0.0105 (0.0139)

0.887

 Median [Min, Max]

0.0700 [0, 1.38]

0.0500 [0, 6.34]

0 [0, 0.0400]

0.0600 [0, 6.34]

0 [0, 0.0400]

 

 Missing

33(50.0%)

119 (49.6%)

5 (20.0%)

152 (49.7%)

5

(20.0%)

 

Initial high-sensitivity troponin, ng/L

 Mean (SD)

181 (193)

260 (1130)

11.1 (5.15)

243 (1000)

11.1 (5.15)

0.439

 Median [Min, Max]

102 [8.00, 767]

38.0 [0, 12600]

11.0 [6.00, 19.0]

49.0 [0, 12600]

11.0 [6.00, 19.0]

 

 Missing

29 (43.9%)

105 (43.8%)

14 (56.0%)

134 (43.8%)

14

(56.0%)

 

Troponin elevation?

 Elevated

49 (74.2%)

142 (59.2%)

3 (12.0%)

191 (62.4%)

3 (12.0%)

0.0361

 Missing

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

1 (4.0%)

0 (0%)

1 (4.0%)

 
  1. *Escalated PE intervention = Reperfusion therapy (defined as systemic thrombolysis, catheter-directed thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy, surgical embolectomy), or placement on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit
  2. Abbreviations: BNP brain natriuretic peptide, LV left ventricle, PA pulmonary artery, RV right ventricle, RVSP right ventricular systolic pressure