Table 1 Right ventricle assessment variables by primary outcome within 5Â days*
From: Intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism: echocardiography predictors of clinical deterioration
| Â | Clinical deterioration at 5 days | No clinical deterioration (CD) | Overall | p value comparing CD in cases (controls excluded) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | Case (N = 115) | Case (N = 191) | Control (N = 25) | Case (N = 306) | Control (N = 25) | |
Chamber dimensions | ||||||
Right ventricle basal width (cm) | ||||||
 Mean (SD) | 4.46 (0.769) | 4.20 (0.765) | 3.81 (0.700) | 4.30 (0.776) | 3.81 (0.700) |  |
LV basal width (cm) | ||||||
 Mean (SD) | 4.07 (0.837) | 4.25 (0.698) | 4.54 (0.573) | 4.18 (0.757) | 4.54 (0.573) | 0.0562 |
 Missing | 2 (1.7%) | 4 (2.1%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (2.0%) | 0 (0%) |  |
Right ventricle mid-width (cm) | ||||||
 Mean (SD) | 3.77 (0.763) | 3.43 (0.906) | 3.20 (0.819) | 3.56 (0.870) | 3.20 (0.819) |  < 0.001 |
 Missing | 2 (1.7%) | 2 (1.0%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (1.3%) | 0 (0%) |  |
RV/LV basal width ratio | ||||||
 Mean (SD) | 1.14 (0.294) | 1.02 (0.243) | 0.844 (0.123) | 1.06 (0.270) | 0.844 (0.123) |  < 0.001 |
 Missing | 2 (1.7%) | 4 (2.1%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (2.0%) | 0 (0%) |  |
Systolic function | ||||||
Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) (cm) | ||||||
 Mean (SD) | 1.56 (0.546) | 1.80 (0.517) | 2.06 (0.494) | 1.71 (0.539) | 2.06 (0.494) |  < 0.001 |
 Missing | 7 (6.1%) | 5 (2.6%) | 0 (0%) | 12 (3.9%) | 0 (0%) |  |
RV free wall systolic excursion velocity S', cm/s | ||||||
 Mean (SD) | 10.4 (3.58) | 12.1 (12.5) | 14.0 (3.04) | 11.4 (10.1) | 14.0 (3.04) | 0.101 |
 Missing | 9 (7.8%) | 14 (7.3%) | 1 (4.0%) | 23 (7.5%) | 1 (4.0%) |  |
Right-sided pressure Estimated PA pressure (mmHg) | ||||||
 Mean (SD) | 47.8 (14.7) | 48.0 (19.0) | 36.2 (13.4) | 47.9 (17.4) | 36.2 (13.4) | 0.918 |
 Missing | 14 (12.2%) | 37 (19.4%) | 14 (56.0%) | 51 (16.7%) | 14 (56.0%) |  |
RVSP | ||||||
 Missing or not detected | 14.0 (12.2%) | 37.0 (19.4%) | 14.0 (56.0%) | 51.0 (16.7%) | 14.0 (56.0%) | 0.093 |
 Less than 35 mmHg (# of patients) | 17.0 (14.8%) | 43.0 (22.5%) | 6.00 (24.0%) | 60.0 (19.6%) | 6.00 (24.0%) |  |
 Between 35 and 47.5 mmHg | 33.0 (28.7%) | 42.0 (22.0%) | 3.00 (12.0%) | 75.0 (24.5%) | 3.00 (12.0%) |  |
 Between 47.5 and 56 mmHg | 26.0 (22.6%) | 29.0 (15.2%) | 1.00 (4.0%) | 55.0 (18.0%) | 1.00 (4.0%) |  |
 Greater than 56 mmHg | 25.0 (21.7%) | 40.0 (20.9%) | 1.00 (4.0%) | 65.0 (21.2%) | 1.00 (4.0%) |  |
Laboratory cardiac biomarkers | ||||||
Initial BNP level (pg/mL) | ||||||
 Mean (SD) | 464 (683) | 250 (357) | 42.2 (54.8) | 329 (512) | 42.2 (54.8) | 0.003 |
 Missing | 6 (5.2%) | 6.00 (3.1%) | 0 (0%) | 12.0 (3.9%) | 0 (0%) |  |
Initial troponin level (ng/mL) | ||||||
 Mean (SD) | 0.22 (0.329) | 0.25 (0.77) | 0.01 (0.014) | 0.24 (0.635) | 0.01 (0.0139) | 0.69 |
 Median [Min, Max] | 0.09 [0, 1.38] | 0.04 [0, 6.34] | 0 [0, 0.04] | 0.06 [0, 6.34] | 0 [0, 0.0400] |  |
 Missing | 54 (47.0%) | 98 (51.3%) | 5 (20.0%) | 152 (49.7%) | 5 (20.0%) |  |
Initial high-sensitivity troponin, ng/L | ||||||
 Mean (SD) | 270 (448) | 228 (1210) | 11.1 (5.15) | 243 (1000) | 11.1 (5.15) | 0.75 |
 Median [Min, Max] | 113 [5.00, 2670] | 30.5 [0, 12600] | 11.0 [6.00, 19.0] | 49.0 [0, 12600] | 11.0 [6.00, 19.0] |  |
 Missing | 53 (46.1%) | 81 (42.4%) | 14 (56.0%) | 134 (43.8%) | 14 (56.0%) |  |
Troponin elevation? | ||||||
 Elevated | 86.0 (74.8%) | 105 (55.0%) | 3 (12.0%) | 191 (62.4%) | 3.00 (12.0%) |  < 0.001 |
 Missing | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (4.0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (4.0%) |  |