Fig. 2

Balance statistics of the covariates used for PS matching and weighting. Plot depicting the (absolute) SMDs and the variance ratios between the unadjusted and the PS matched or PS weighted populations for the covariates used in the model to estimate the propensity scores. The unadjusted SMDs were obtained prior to PS weighting. SMDs should ideally be < 0.1 (left dashed vertical line); variance ratios should ideally be 1 (right dashed vertical line), but between 0.5 and 2 is acceptable. AKI acute kidney injury, APACHE-IV acute physiology and chronic health evaluation IV, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, mSOFA modified sequential organ failure assessment score (without the central nervous system component), PS propensity score, SMD standardized mean difference