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Table 1 Patient characteristics according to serum IL-17A tertiles

From: Serum IL-17 levels are higher in critically ill patients with AKI and associated with worse outcomes

Characteristic

Tertile 1

Tertile 2

Tertile 3

p value

Range, fg/ml

≤ 571.7

586.9–2295.6

≥ 2313.9

 

No. of patients

99

100

100

 

Demographics

 Age, years ± SD

58.1 ± 14.9

57.0 ± 15.4

55.3 ± 15.4

0.447

 Women, n (%)

49 (49.5)

34 (34.0)

41 (41.0)

0.085

 Race, n (%)

    

  White

77 (77.8)

76 (76.0)

82 (82.0)

0.794

  Black

11 (11.1)

10 (10.0)

7 (7.0)

 

  Other

11 (11.1)

14 (14.0)

11 (11.0)

 

 Body mass index, kg/m2

30.9 [24.9–35.9]

27.8 [24.0–36.28]

27.1 [22.9–34.9]

0.327

Baseline kidney function

 Baseline eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2, median [IQR]

88.4 [73.1–99.0]

88.6 [75.7–101.9]

90.9 [80.6–102.1]

0.409

 Baseline SCr, mg/dl, median [IQR]

0.9 [0.7–1.0]

0.9 [0.8–1.0]

0.8 [0.7–1.0]

0.624

Comorbidity

 Diabetes, n (%)

28 (28.3)

22 (22.0)

27 (27.0)

0.563

 Hypertension, n (%)

52 (52.5)

50 (50.0)

53 (53.0)

0.901

 CHF, n (%)

32 (32.3)

23 (23.0)

18 (18.0)

0.094a

 Liver disease, n (%)

14 (14.1)

11 (11.0)

27 (27.0)

0.007a,b

 Anemia*, n (%)

43 (43.4)

54 (54.0)

62 (62.0)

0.025a

 Cancer, n (%)

34 (34.3)

21 (21.0)

26 (26.0)

0.091

 Charlson comorbidity index, median [IQR]

3.0 [2.0–5.0]

3.0 [1.0–5.0]

3.0 [2.0–5.0]

0.501

Critical illness parameters

 SCr at first timepoint (t1), mg/dl, median [IQR]

0.9 [0.7–1.7]

1.0 [0.7–2.6]

2.0 [1.0–3.0]

< 0.001a,b

 Acute kidney injury, n (%)

33 (33.3)

47 (47.0)

73 (73.0)

< 0.001a,b

 CFB 72 h, L, median [IQR]

1.7 [− 0.4 to 4.1]

1.7 [0.2–4.6]

3.9 [0.4–7.6]

0.020a,b

 Pressor or inotrope, n (%)

53 (53.5)

44 (44.0)

63 (63.0)

0.027b

 Mechanical ventilation, n (%)

44 (44.4)

48 (48.0)

63 (63.0)

0.021a,b

 Packed RBC transfusion, n (%)

28 (28.3)

34 (34.0)

53 (53.0)

0.001a,b

 Non-renal APACHE II score, median [IQR]

14.0 [10.0–19.0]

15.5 [10.8–22.0]

19.0 [14.0–23.3]

< 0.001a,b

 Non-renal SOFA score, median [IQR]

5.00 [2.0–8.0]

5.0 [2.0–9.3]

7.00 [4.0–11.0]

0.006a,b

  1. APACHE II acute physiologic assessment and chronic health evaluation II score excluding the renal component, CFB cumulative fluid balance, CHF congestive heart failure, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ICU intensive care unit, IQR interquartile range, RBC red blood cell, SCr serum creatinine, SD standard deviation, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment score excluding the renal component
  2. *Anemia was defined as hematocrit at admission less than 39% in males or 36% in females. Anemia was defined as the admission hematocrit less than 39% for men and less than 36% for women
  3. aDenotes p < 0.05 for comparisons between highest and lowest tertiles
  4. bDenotes p < 0.05 for comparisons between highest and middle tertiles