|  |  |  |  | Value of pairwise comparison | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 versus 2 | 1 versus 3 | 2 versus 3 | |||||
Outcome Measure | 1 Group M–D (n = 77) | 2 Group M–P (n = 78) | 3 Group M (n = 73) | P value | HR, OR, or difference (95% CI), P value | HR, OR, or difference (95% CI), P value | HR, OR, or difference (95% CI), P value |
Weaning timea, median (IQR), h | 25.0 (18.0–48.0) | 32.0 (23.0–51.0) | 49.0 (26.5–73.0) | 0.028 | HR = 1.10 (0.77, 1.58), P = 0.610 | HR = 1.47 (1.05, 2.06), P = 0.025 | HR = 1.33 (1.00, 1.78), P = 0.048 |
Recovery timeb, median (IQR), h | 0.3 (0.0–1.5) | 2.0 (1.0–4.5) | 7.0 (2.0–28.0) |  < 0.001 | D = − 1.8 (− 1.9, − 1.8), P < 0.001 | D = − 6.5 (− 6.6, − 6.5), P < 0.001 | D = − 4.7 (− 4.7, − 4.6), P < 0.001 |
Extubation timeb, median (IQR), h | 0.5 (0.0–6.8) | 3.5 (1.5–5.5) | 7.8 (2.0–30.2) |  < 0.001 | D = − 2.5 (− 2.5, − 2.5), P < 0.001 | D = − 7.3 (− 7.3, − 7.2), P < 0.001 | D = − 4.8 (− 4.8, − 4.7), P < 0.001 |
Sedation administration durationb, median (IQR), h | 24.0 (13.3–37.5) | 26.0 (20.0–47.8) | 25.0 (24.0–45.0) | 0.020 | D = − 4.3 (− 4.3, − 4.2), P < 0.001 | D = − 2.2 (− 2.2, − 2.1), P < 0.001 | D = 2.1 (2.1, 2.2), P < 0.001 |
Percentage of times within target sedation range, % | 71.4 | 42.9 | 39.2 |  < 0.001 | D = 28.5 (24.1, 32.9), P < 0.001 | D = 32.2 (27.6, 36.8), P < 0.001 | D = 3.7 (− 0.9, 8.3), P = 0.191 |
Successful extubation, No. (%) | 70 (90.9) | 73 (93.6) | 65 (89.0) | 0.610 | NA | NA | NA |
Tracheotomy, No. (%) | 2 (2.6) | 1 (1.3) | 4 (5.5) | 0.265 | NA | NA | NA |
Delirium, No. (%) | 15 (19.5) | 23 (29.5) | 32 (43.8) | 0.005 | OR = 0.58 (0.27, 1.21), P = 0.150 | OR = 0.31 (0.15, 0.63), P = 0.002 | OR = 0.54 (0.27, 1.05), P = 0.069 |
The accumulated dose of fentanyl after randomization, median (IQR), mg | 1.5 (1.0–2.5) | 2.5 (1.0–4.0) | 2.0 (1.0–4.0) | 0.012 | D = − 1.0 (− 1.0, − 1.0), P < 0.001 | D = − 0.5 (− 0.6, − 0.5), P < 0.001 | D = 0.5 (0.5, 0.5), P < 0.001 |
The average maintenance dose of sedatives c, median (IQR), mg/kg/h or μg/kg/h | 0.247 (0.171–0.392) | 0.767 (0.567–0.962) | 0.074 (0.053–0.128) | – | – | – | – |
ICU durationa, median (IQR), day | 13.9 (9.9–18.4) | 14.2 (9.8–18.9) | 18.3 (11.7–28.7) | 0.148 | NA | NA | NA |
Length of hospital staya, median (IQR), day | 18.4 (12.5–25.5) | 19.4 (14.9–34.5) | 23.8 (17.3–40.3) | 0.448 | NA | NA | NA |
ICU mortality, No. (%) | 2 (2.6) | 7 (9.0) | 5 (6.8) | 0.241 | NA | NA | NA |
Hospital mortality, No. (%) | 2 (2.6) | 7 (9.0) | 5 (6.8) | 0.241 | NA | NA | NA |
Adverse effects, No. (%) | 5 (6.5) | 13 (16.7) | 7 (9.6) | 0.116 | NA | NA | NA |
Hypotension, No. (%) | 4 (5.2) | 2 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0.148 | NA | NA | NA |
Bradycardia, No. (%) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1.000 | NA | NA | NA |
Hypertensiond, No. (%) | 0 (0.0) | 9 (11.5) | 5 (6.8) | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.025 | 0.321 |
Tachycardia, No. (%) | 1 (1.3) | 2 (2.6) | 2 (2.7) | 0.869 | NA | NA | NA |
Triglyceride, median (IQR), mmol/L | 1.76 (1.15–2.24) | 1.85 (1.28–2.37) | 1.58 (1.11–2.46) | 0.757 | NA | NA | NA |