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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients in intention-to-treat analysis

From: Sequential use of midazolam and dexmedetomidine for long-term sedation may reduce weaning time in selected critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients: a randomized controlled study

Characteristic

1 Group M–D (n = 77)

2 Group M–P (n = 78)

3 Group M (n = 73)

Characteristics at admission to ICU

   

Age, mean (SD), year

54.5 (14.5)

51.0 (16.0)

50.8 (15.4)

Male, No. (%)

50 (64.9)

56 (71.8)

52 (71.2)

BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2

23.3 (3.3)

24.2 (4.0)

22.9 (3.5)

Apache II score, median (IQR)

20 (15–25)

20 (16–25)

21 (17–25)

SOFA score, median (IQR) a

6 (4–9)

6 (4–9)

6 (4–8)

RASS score, median (IQR)

− 3 (− 4 to 2)

− 3 (− 4 to 3)

− 3 (− 4 to 2)

Diagnosis at ICU admission, No. (%)

   

Sepsis

19 (24.7)

19 (24.4)

15 (20.5)

Pneumonia

12 (15.6)

17 (21.8)

15 (20.5)

Severe acute pancreatitis

22 (28.6)

18 (23.1)

16 (21.9)

Trauma

12 (15.6)

13 (16.7)

11 (15.1)

Other diseases

12 (15.6)

11 (14.1)

16 (21.9)

Admission source of patients, No. (%)

   

Emergency department

31 (40.3)

41 (52.6)

25 (34.2)

Medical ward

16 (20.8)

14 (17.9)

14 (19.2)

Surgical ward

10 (13.0)

9 (11.5)

16 (21.9)

Postoperative room

20 (26.0)

14 (17.9)

18 (24.7)

PaO2:FiO2, median (IQR), mmHg

192.3 (104.2–274.8)

168.1 (97.0–252.0)

188.5 (110.7–255.5)

Use of vasopressors, No. (%)

30 (39.0)

29 (37.2)

29 (39.7)

Characteristics at enrolled

   

SOFA score, median (IQR) a

4 (3–7)

5 (3–7)

5 (3–8)

RASS score, median (IQR)

− 3 (− 3 to 2)

− 3 (− 3 to 2)

− 3 (− 3 to 2)

Duration of MV, median (IQR), day

4.7 (3.3–6.9)

4.6 (2.7–6.8)

4.6 (2.4–6.7)

Duration of MV, No. (%)

   

≥ 5 days

43 (55.8)

41 (52.6)

39 (53.4)

< 5 days

34 (44.2)

37 (47.4)

34 (46.6)

Duration of sedation, median (IQR), day

3.7 (1.9–6.8)

3.9 (2.4–6.1)

4.0 (1.9–6.6)

The maintenance dose of midazolam, median (IQR), mg/kg/h

0.060 (0.050–0.083)

0.067 (0.060–0.090)

0.070 (0.042–0.090)

The accumulated dose of midazolam, median (IQR), mg

400.0 (200.0–800.0)

446.5 (200.0–700.0)

400.0 (150.0–900.0)

The maintenance dose of fentanyl, median (IQR), μg/kg/h

0.770 (0.600–0.900)

0.700 (0.600–0.840)

0.800 (0.600–1.020)

The accumulated dose of fentanyl, median (IQR), mg

5.0 (3.0–9.0)

4.5 (3.2–7.0)

4.4 (2.5–10.5)

Triglyceride, median (IQR), mmol/L

1.6 (1.2–2.0)

1.6 (1.2–2.2)

1.5 (1.1–2.0)

Delirium, No.(%)b

3 (3.9)

2 (2.6)

2 (2.7)

  1. ICU, Intensive Care Unit; BMI, Body Mass Index; APACHE II, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; IQR, Interquartile Range; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; RASS, Richmond Agitation and Sedation Scale; FiO2, fraction of inspired oxygen; PaO2, partial pressure of arterial oxygen; MV, Mechanical Ventilation
  2. aSOFA score excluded the central nervous system score (range of values were 0–20, and higher score indicated greater illness)
  3. bCalculated from patient ICU admission to enrollment, and delirium assessed if RASS greater than − 3 by use of the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU)
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Critical Care

ISSN: 1364-8535