Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics at study inclusion

(n = 42)

Age, year

61 (48–70)

Sex, no (%)

 Male

22 (52.4)

 Female

20 (47.6)

BMI, kg/m²

27.7 (23.3–29.8)

Comorbidities, no (%)

 Obesity

15 (35.7)

 Hypertension

24 (57.1)

 Diabetes

8 (19)

 COPD

4 (9.5)

Heart insufficiency

11 (26.2)

 CAD

16 (38.1)

 CABG

4 (9.5)

 PTCA

10 (23.8)

 CKD

15 (35.7)

Chronic renal replacement therapy

10 (23.8)

 Immunosuppression

3 (7.1)

 Sepsis, no (%)

42 (100)

Side of infection, no (%)

 Pulmo

23 (54.8)

 Abdomen

33 (78.6)

 Urogenital

8 (19)

 Soft tissue

11 (26.2)

 Endocarditis

3 (7.1)

 More than one

27 (64.3)

Identified pathogen, no (%)

 Gram + 

15 (35.7)

 Gram − 

20 (47.6)

 Viral

3 (7.1)

 Fungi

11 (26.2)

 More than one

13 (31)

 Non identified

11 (26.2)

Renal replacement therapy, no (%)

32 (76.2)

Invasive ventilation, no (%)

35 (83.3)

Oxygenation index (PaO₂/FiO₂)

200 (134–286)

 SOFA score, points

17 (15–19)

 Norepinephrine, no (%)

40 (95.2)

Norepinephrine dose, μg/kg/min

0.368 (0.212–0.598)

 Argipressin, no (%)

9 (21.4)

 Dobutamine, no (%)

4 (9.5)

 Organ failure, no (%)

Respiratory (PaO₂/FiO₂ < 300 mmHg)

39 (92.9)

Coagulation (Thrombocytes < 100³/µl)

32 (76.2)

Liver (Bilirubin > 33 μmol/l)

32 (76.2)

Cardiovascular (vasopressor or inotrope)

40 (95.2)

Neurological (GCS < 13)

35 (83.3)

Renal (Creatinine > 170 μmol/l)

37 (88.1)

Multi-organ failure, no (%)

 2

0 (0)

 3

4 (9.5)

 4

2 (4.8)

 5

16 (38.1)

 6

19 (45.2)

 pH

7.27 (7.18–7.36)

Bicarbonate, mmol/l

20 (16–22)

 Lactate, mmol/l

9.2 (5.2–13)

 CK, IU/l

1748 (332–5400)

 LDH, U/l

1174 (526–3877)

 AST, U/l

267 (143–1422)

 ALT, U/l

127 (57–390)

Bilirubin, µmol/l

78 (30.5–158)

Leucocytes, 1000/µl

10.7 (7.9–21.2)

 CRP, mg/l

108 (44–182)

 PCT, µg/l

5.7 (1.8–23.6)

Thrombocytes, 100³/µl

69 (34.5–141)

Simplified NOMI score, points

5 (4–7)