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Table 1 General and clinical characteristics of the study population

From: Nasal pressure swings as the measure of inspiratory effort in spontaneously breathing patients with de novo acute respiratory failure

Variable

At RICU admission (T0)

At study inclusion (T1)

After 24 h (T2)

Type of respiratory support

HFNC, N = 61

HFNC, N = 61

HFNC, N = 16

NIV, N = 45

Diagnosis

    

 COVID-19, n [IQR]

51 [83.6]

–

10 [62.5]

41 [91.1]

 ARDS, n [IQR]

4 [6.6]

–

1 [6.3]

3 [6.6]

 Pneumonia, n [IQR]

6 [9.8]

–

5 [31.3]

1 [2.2]

Clinical parameters

    

 Age, years [IQR]

70 [56–78]

–

69 [45–75]

70 [61–78]

 Male sex, [%]

42 [68.9]

–

9 [56.3]

33 [73.3]

 Mean arterial pressure, mmHg [IQR]

95 [70–105]

95 [75–105]

90 [70–100]

85 [70–95]

 Heart rate, bpm [IQR]

86 [62–110]

86 [62–112]

80 [64–98]

85 [62–112]

 SOFA, score, [IQR]

3 [3–3]

–

3 [3–3]

3 [3–3]

 SAPSII score, [IQR]

28 [23–33]

–

27 [22–32]

28 [26–33]

 APACHEII score, [IQR]

11 [7–14]

–

11 [7–14]

12 [9–15]

 Borg scale, value [IQR]

5 [2–8]

–

3 [1–4]

2 [1–4]

Gas exchange

    

 pH, value [IQR]

7.45 [7.41–7.5]

–

7.44 [7.40–7.49]

7.43 [7.38–7.47]

 PaO2, mmHg [IQR]

64 [57–72]

–

62 [53–78]

67 [59–75]

 PaCO2, mmHg [IQR]

34 [31–39]

–

36 [33–41]

37 [34–41]

 PaO2/FiO2, mmHg [IQR]

129 [100–150]

–

147 [118–199]

151 [131–179]

 Blood lactate, mmol/L [IQR]

1 [0.4–1.8]

–

0.8 [0.2–1.7]

1 [0.3–1.6]

Respiratory mechanics

    

 Respiratory rate, n [IQR]

25 [24–29]

26 [24–29]

23 [21–25]

22 [20–25]

 ΔPes, cmH2O [IQR]

12 [10–7]

12 [10–18]

6.2 [4.8–7]

8 [5.5–11]

 ΔPnos, cmH2O [IQR]

–

5.6 [4.2–8.0]

3 [2–3.4]

3.2 [2.3–5.2]

 ΔPes/ΔPnos, value [IQR]

–

2.2 [2.06–2.49]

2.23 [1.89–2.60]

2.27 [2.15–2.50]

  1. Data are presented as number (n) and percentage for dichotomous values or median and interquartile ranges (IQR)) for continuous values
  2. RICU respiratory intensive care unit, COVID-19 Coronavirus 2 disease, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, SOFA subsequent organ failure assessment, SAPS simplified acute physiology score, APACHE acute physiology and chronic health evaluation, ΔPes esophageal pressure swings, ΔPnos nasal pressure swings, IQR interquartile range