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Fig. 2 | Critical Care

Fig. 2

From: Repeated endo-tracheal tube disconnection generates pulmonary edema in a model of volume overload: an experimental study

Fig. 2

Hemodynamics and oxygenation during rapid versus gradual PEEP removal (series II): In normal pigs (n = 5), after stepwise increase in PEEP from 0 to 20 cmH2O, in a random cross-over fashion, PEEP was either dropped instantaneously to 0 (Rapid group; closed circles) or gradually at 1 cmH2O/min (Gradual group; open circles). Right after deflation (51 min for Rapid and 71 min for Gradual), the mean PA pressure (A) and TPG (B) were higher, and oxygenation lower (C) in the Rapid group, whereas the cardiac output (D) and LVEDP (E) were similar. At PEEP 20 cmH2O (50 min for both groups), the cardiac output was lower (D) and oxygenation higher (C) in both groups compared to other time points. #P < 0.05, post-hoc t-test Rapid versus Gradual; *P < 0.05, post hoc t-test 50 min versus rest of time points. Abbreviations: PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, PA pressure pulmonary artery pressure, LVEDP left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, PaO2 partial pressure of arterial oxygen, ZEEP zero end-expiratory pressure, R Rapid Deflation group, G Gradual Deflation group

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