|
Age, years
|
74 (63–81)
|
75 (65–81)
|
0.12
|
|
Sex, male
|
1448 (57.4)
|
298 (58.2)
|
0.74
|
|
Body mass index, kg/m2
|
21.8 (4.2)
|
22.0 (4.1)
|
0.41
|
|
Comorbidity
|
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
966 (38.2)
|
200 (39.0)
|
0.75
|
|
History of myocardial infarction
|
259 (10.3)
|
51 (9.9)
|
0.83
|
|
Congestive heart failure
|
190 (7.5)
|
30 (5.9)
|
0.18
|
|
Chronic neurological disease
|
495 (19.6)
|
88 (17.2)
|
0.20
|
|
Chronic liver disease
|
280 (11.1)
|
51 (9.9)
|
0.68
|
|
Chronic kidney disease
|
419 (16.6)
|
73 (14.2)
|
0.19
|
|
Connective tissue disease
|
63 (2.5)
|
13 (2.5)
|
0.96
|
|
Solid malignant tumors
|
474 (18.8)
|
99 (19.3)
|
0.78
|
|
Charlson comorbidity index score
|
5 (4–7)
|
5 (4–7)
|
0.14
|
|
≥ 9
|
336 (13.2)
|
70 (13.7)
|
0.83
|
|
History of antibiotic prescription within the past 90 days
| | |
< 0.01
|
|
No
|
2070 (82.1)
|
390 (76.2)
| |
|
Yes
|
364 (14.4)
|
103 (20.1)
| |
|
Unknown
|
89 (3.5)
|
19 (3.7)
| |
|
Hospitalization for two or more days within the past 90 days
|
1043 (41.3)
|
208 (40.6)
|
0.77
|
|
Clinical Frailty Scale
| | |
0.11
|
|
Very fit
|
99 (3.9)
|
27 (5.3)
| |
|
Well
|
186 (7.4)
|
36 (7)
| |
|
Managing well
|
379 (15)
|
54 (10.5)
| |
|
Vulnerable
|
393 (15.6)
|
79 (15.4)
| |
|
Mildly frail
|
264 (10.5)
|
50 (9.8)
| |
|
Moderately frail
|
328 (13)
|
60 (11.7)
| |
|
Severely frail
|
479 (19)
|
115 (22.5)
| |
|
Very severely frail
|
380 (15.1)
|
86 (16.8)
| |
|
Terminally ill
|
15 (0.6)
|
5 (1)
| |
|
Initial SOFA score
|
5 (4–8)
|
6 (4–9)
|
< 0.01
|
|
Septic shock
|
437 (17.3)
|
164 (32.0)
|
< 0.01
|
|
Recognition of sepsis by physicians in the emergency department
|
943 (37.4)
|
234 (45.7)
|
< 0.01
|
|
Site of infection*
|
|
Respiratory
|
1199 (47.5)
|
259 (50.6)
|
0.21
|
|
Abdominal
|
660 (26.2)
|
143 (27.9)
|
0.41
|
|
Urinary
|
131 (5.2)
|
31 (6.1)
|
0.43
|
|
Skin/soft tissue
|
90 (3.6)
|
13 (2.5)
|
0.24
|
|
Type of infection
| | |
0.16
|
|
Community
|
1673 (66.3)
|
324 (63.3)
| |
|
Nursing home-acquired
|
179 (7.1)
|
29 (5.7)
| |
|
Nursing hospital-acquired
|
331 (13.1)
|
75 (14.6)
| |
|
Hospital-acquired
|
340 (13.5)
|
84 (16.4)
| |
|
Identification of pathogen
|
1380 (54.7)
|
308 (60.2)
|
0.02
|
|
ICU admission/transfer
|
1205 (47.8)
|
288 (56.3)
|
< 0.01
|
|
Length of hospital stay, days
|
12 (6–20)
|
11 (6–19.5)
|
0.35
|
