Outcomes | Vitamin C (n = 36,327) | Control (n = 36,327) | Difference (95% CI) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary outcome | ||||
Hospital mortality, No. (%) | 6209 (17.1) | 6538 (18.0) | − 0.9 (− 1.3 to − 0.5)a | < 0.001 |
Secondary outcomes | ||||
90-day mortality, No. (%) | 9226 (25.4) | 9820 (27.0) | − 3.2 (− 3.8 to − 2.6) | < 0.001 |
Vasopressor days, mean (SD) | 2.9 (2.3) [n = 17923] | 2.7 (2.0) [n = 17441] | 0.12 (0.1 to 0.2) | 0.002 |
Ventilator days, mean (SD) | 9.5 (18.8) [n = 10793] | 8.2 (15.7) [n = 10404] | 1.4 (1.3 to 1.5) | < 0.001 |
Length of stay, mean (SD), days | ||||
ICU | 10.6 (17.5) | 8.6 (14.2) | 2.02 (2.0 to 2.1) | < 0.001 |
Hospital | 27.1 (41.6) | 21.0 (22.1) | 6.0 (5.9 to 6.1) | < 0.001 |
Hospital costs, mean (SD), U.S. $1000 | 13.3 (19.0) | 12.1 (25.2) | 1.19 (1.18 to 1.2) | < 0.001 |