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Table 1 Characteristics of ACLF patients with or without LDCA

From: Association between longer duration of citrate accumulation and 90-day mortality of acute-on-chronic liver failure

 

Patients with LDCA (N = 76)

Patients without LDCA (N = 182)

p

Female

25 (32.9%)

12 (6.6%)

< 0.001

Age(years)

52.2 ± 10.9

43.8 ± 11.2

< 0.001

Liver cirrhosis

61 (80.3%)

141 (77.5%)

0.620

Causes of liver disease

  

0.963

 HBV infection only

57 (75.0%)

137 (75.3%)

 

 HBV infection plus other causes

19 (25.0%)

45 (24.7%)

 

Comorbidities

  

0.112

 No

59 (77.6%)

156 (85.7%)

 

 Yes

17 (22.4%)

26 (14.3%)

 

Disease severity assessment

   

 COSSHACLF score

7.1 ± 1.0

6.3 ± 0.8

< 0.001

 CLIF-C ACLF score

38.9 ± 6.9

32.7 ± 6.5

< 0.001

 AARCACLF score

10.7 ± 1.6

9.6 ± 1.5

< 0.001

 MELD score

29.8 ± 5.5

25.7 ± 3.9

< 0.001

Laboratory examination

PT-INR

2.36 (1.95–2.81)

2.06 (1.75–2.44)

0.009

Serum creatinine (× ULN)

0.97 (0.80–1.32)

0.80 (0.65–0.88)

< 0.001

Total bilirubin (μmol/L)

431.0 ± 135.4

421.9 ± 120.0

0.495

 Direct bilirubin to total bilirubin ratio

0.75 (0.70–0.82)

0.80 (0.73–0.86)

0.009

 Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L)

140 (56–300)

124 (66–245)

0.891

 Aspartate aminotransferase (IU/L)

139 (76–227)

116 (88–192)

0.133

 Aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio

1.13 (0.65–1.92)

1.06 (0.64–1.53)

0.495

 Albumin (g/L)

31.8 ± 3.6

31.8 ± 4.0

0.742

 Albumin to globulin ratio

1.2 ± 0.4

1.2 ± 0.4

0.041

 Ammonia (mmol/L)

77.6 (58.0–117.8)

79.1 (60.9–110.2)

0.891

 Lactate (mmol/L)

2.98 (2.03–3.89)

2.40 (1.90–3.00)

< 0.001

 Serum sodium (mmol/L)

130.7 ± 15.8

134.5 ± 4.1

0.009

 Serum potassium (mmol/L)

3.44 ± 0.55

3.46 ± 0.58

0.866

 Serum chloride (mmol/L)

93.9 ± 5.6

97.3 ± 4.4

< 0.001

 Hemoglobin (g/L)

111 ± 18

122 ± 20

0.002

 Platelets (× 109/L)

83 (48–114)

91 (64–124)

0.180

 White blood cells (× 109/L)

7.87 ± 4.08

7.47 ± 3.48

0.495

Intracorporeal Catot before PA therapy (mmol/L)

2.16 ± 0.15

2.13 ± 0.13

0.133

Intracorporeal Caion before PA therapy (mmol/L)

1.020 ± 0.089

1.051 ± 0.076

0.123

Intracorporeal Catot during PA therapy (mmol/L)

2.06 ± 0.21

1.97 ± 0.24

0.595

Intracorporeal Caion during PA therapy (mmol/L)

0.749 ± 0.098

0.808 ± 0.109

0.262

Extracorporeal Caion during PA therapy (mmol/L)

0.167 (0.132–0.233)

0.184 (0.145–0.238)

0.345

Intracorporeal Catot 2 h after PE therapy (mmol/L)

2.65 ± 0.26

2.46 ± 0.18

< 0.001

Intracorporeal Caion 2 h after PE therapy (mmol/L)

0.962 ± 0.100

1.103 ± 0.081

< 0.001

Catot/Caion 2 h after PE therapy

2.70 (2.58–2.90)

2.22 (2.14–2.32)

< 0.001

Anion gap 2 h after PE therapy (mmol/L)

7.67 ± 2.90

6.85 ± 2.34

0.010

DPMAS plus PE therapy with RCA

 Sessions

3.0 (2.3–5.0)

4.0 (3.0–6.0)

0.204

 Days from the first to the last sessions

7.0 (4.0–14.0)

8.0 (5.0–14.0)

0.292

90-day prognosis (death)

48 (63.2%)

59 (32.4%)

< 0.001

  1. Quantitative data are represented as mean ± SD (normally distributed data) or median (interquartile range) (non-normally distributed data) and compared by Mood's median test. Qualitative data are represented as frequencies (proportion) and compared by Chi-squared test
  2. ACLF, Acute-on-chronic liver failure; LDCA, longer duration of citrate accumulation; HBV, hepatitis B virus; COSSH, Chinese Group on the Study of Severe Hepatitis B; CLIF-C, European Association for the Study of the Liver—Chronic Liver Failure-Consortium; AARC, APASL ACLF Research Consortium; APASL, Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; PT-INR, international normalized ratio (INR) of prothrombin time (PT); ULN, upper limit of normal; PA, plasma adsorption; PE, plasma exchange; Catot, total calcium; Caion, ionized calcium; Catot/Caion, Catot to Caion ratio
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Critical Care

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