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Table 1 Initial characteristics, respiratory care before VV-ECMO cannulation and evolution for COVID-19-associated ADRS

From: Prolonged time from intubation to cannulation in VV-ECMO for COVID-19: does it really matter?

 

Total cohort

ECMO survivors

ECMO non-survivors

p

n = 56

n = 27

n = 29

General characteristics

Age (Years)

57 (51–65)

56 (50–60)

60 (55–66)

0.036

Male gender

49 (88)

23 (85)

26 (90)

0.7

BMI (kg/m2)

30 (27–34)

33 (29–36)

28 (27–34)

0.09

Comorbidities

Hypertension

29 (52)

15 (56)

14 (48)

0.61

Diabetes

16 (29)

6 (22)

10 (35)

0.38

Pre-ECMO care

Time from first symptom to ECMO (days)

18 (10–22)

18 (10–20)

18 (13–25)

0.22

Time from intubation to ECMO (days)

6 (4–13)

6 (1–13)

6 (4–10)

0.41

Prone position

56 (100)

Neuromuscular blockers

56 (100)

Ventilation parameters at cannulation time

Tidal volume (mL/kg of PBW)

5.9 (5.5–6.1)

5.7 (5.4–6)

5.9 (5.5–6.1)

0.55

PEEP (cmH2O)

10 (6–14)

10 (7–14)

10 (5–14)

0.73

P Plat (cm H2O)

31 (30–34)

31 (30–35)

31 (30–32)

0.80

Compliance of RS (mL/cm H2O)

20 (15–23)

20 (14–24)

19 (15–24)

0.87

Gazometric parameters at cannulation time

pH

7.29 (7.23–7.36)

7.30 (7.25–7.37)

7.28 (7.23–7.36)

 > 0.99

PaO2/FiO2 (mm Hg)

62 (53–74)

60 (53–67)

62 (55–75)

0.38

PaCO2 (mm Hg)

63 (52–73)

64 (55–70)

62 (50–75)

 > 0.99

SOFA score at cannulation time

Total SOFA score

7 (4–8)

7(4–8)

7 (4–10)

0.75

SOFA score excluding respiratory item

3 (0–4)

3 (0–4)

3 (1–6)

0.49

General evolution

ECMO duration (days)

18 (10–31)

18 (8–31)

17 (12–32)

0.85

ICU duration (days)

46 (28–60)

59 (47–75)

31 (23–43)

 < 0.01

ECMO complications

29 (52)

Bleeding

48 (86)

20 (74)

28 (97)

0.023

Infections

37 (66)

18 (67)

19 (66)

 > 0.99

Hemolysis

19 (34)

10 (37)

9 (31)

0.78

Death causes n (% of non-survivors)

Bleeding

12 (41)

 

Sepsis

10 (35)

 

End-of-life decision

4 (14)

 
  1. Bold highlighted significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05)
  2. All data are presented as median (interquartile range) or number (percentage). Survivors and non-survivors are determined considering hospital mortality