| Measurement of cough peak flow | Measurement of semiquantitative cough strength score | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Voluntary CPF | Involuntary CPF | CPF measured with an external flowmeter | CPF measured with a ventilator | SCSS (grade 0 to 4/5) | WCT | Other# | |
No. of study arms | 17 | 6 | 18 | 5 | 8 | 4 | 10 |
Total cases | 2282 | 529 | 2023 | 718 | 1342 | 406 | 3918 |
Total tests | 2408 | 610 | 2300 | 718 | 1342 | 406 | 3918 |
Pooled sensitivity | 0.73 (0.68–0.78) | 0.82 (0.73–0.88) | 0.77 (0.72–0.81) | 0.72 (0.60–0.81) | 0.36 (0.26–0.48) | 0.70 (0.44–0.88) | 0.59 (0.41–0.47) |
Pooled specificity | 0.72 (0.65–0.79) | 0.82 (0.74–0.88) | 0.74 (0.67–0.81) | 0.77 (0.69–0.84) | 0.87 (0.80–0.91) | 0.74 (0.61–0.84) | 0.83 (0.62–0.64) |
Pooled positive LR | 2.7 (2.1–3.4) | 4.5 (2.9–7.0) | 3.0 (2.3–4.0) | 3.1 (2.1–4.6) | 2.7 (2.1–3.6) | 2.7 (1.5–4.8) | 3.5 (1.5–8.2) |
Pooled negative LR | 0.37 (0.31–0.45) | 0.22 (0.14–0.35) | 0.31 (0.25–0.39) | 0.37 (0.25–0.55) | 0.73 (0.64–0.84) | 0.40 (0.18–0.90) | 0.49 (0.33–0.73) |
Pooled DOR | 7 (5–10) | 21 (9–48) | 10 (6–15) | 9 (4–18) | 4 (3–5) | 7 (2–25) | 7 (2–21) |
Pooled AUC | 0.76 (0.72–0.79) | 0.89 (0.86–0.91) | 0.80 (0.77–0.84) | 0.77 (0.73–0.81) | 0.70 (0.65–0.73) | 0.78 (0.74–0.82) | 0.75 (0.71–0.79) |