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Table 1 Demographic, clinical, and biochemical data between comprehensive care and standard care

From: Comprehensive versus standard care in post-severe acute kidney injury survivors, a randomized controlled trial

Parameters

Total (n = 98)

Comprehensive care (n = 49)

Standard care (n = 49)

p value

Gender (Male), n (%)

53 (54.1%)

27 (55.1%)

26 (53.1%)

0.84

Age, mean (SD)

65.5 (15.9)

69.7 (13.8)

61.4 (16.9)

0.009

Underlying disease

Diabetes mellitus, n (%)

55 (56.1%)

29 (59.2%)

26 (53.1%)

0.54

Hypertension, n (%)

70 (71.4%)

35 (71.4%)

35 (71.4%)

1.00

CKD, n (%)

45 (45.9%)

22 (44.9%)

23 (46.9%)

0.84

Liver disease, n (%)

14 (14.3%)

6 (12.2%)

8 (16.3%)

0.56

Coronary artery disease, n (%)

26 (26.5%)

11 (22.4%)

15 (30.6%)

0.36

Congestive heart failure, n (%)

32 (32.7%)

13 (26.5%)

19 (38.8%)

0.20

Cerebrovascular disease, n (%)

14 (14.3)

10 (20.4%)

4 (8.2%)

0.08

Malignancy, n (%)

19 (19.4%)

10 (20.4%)

9 (18.4%)

0.80

AKI staging:

   

0.51

Stage 2 AKI

6 (12.2%)

4 (8.2%)

6 (12.2%)

 

Stage 3 AKI

43 (87.8%)

45 (91.8%)

43 (87.8%)

 

Cause of AKI:

   

0.57

Renal hypoperfusion

18 (18.4%)

8 (16.3%)

10 (20.4%)

 

Sepsis

27 (27.6%)

15 (30.6%)

12 (24.5%)

 

Nephrotoxic

11 (11.2%)

6 (12.2%)

5(10.2%)

 

Cardio renal syndrome

25 (25.5%)

9 (18.4%)

16(32.7%)

 

Obstructive uropathy

4 (4.1%)

2(4.1%)

2(4.1%)

 

Systemic disease

8 (8.2%)

6(12.2%)

2(4.1%)

 

Other

5 (5.1%)

3(6.1%)

2(4.1%)

 

RRT during admission, n (%)

70 (71.4%)

33 (67.3%)

37 (75.5%)

0.37

Baseline serum creatinine (mg/dL), median (IQR)c

1.25 (0.88, 2.31)

1.31 (0.89, 2.42)

1.25 (0.80, 2.18)

0.62

Baseline GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2),

median (IQR)a

51.50 (22.39, 87.32)

48.61 (19.86, 82.11)

52.90 (29.18, 87.97)

0.46

Discharge creatinine (mg/dL),

median (IQR)

1.87 (1.26, 3.31)

1.53 (1.04, 2.93)

1.71 (1.29, 2.49)

0.66

Discharge GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2), median (IQR)a

30.80 (17.45, 52.83)

42.14 (18.73, 71.90)

32.06 (21.57, 56.70)

0.84

Baseline urine NGAL at enrollment (ng/mL) median (IQR)

472.85 (193.50, 1686.75)

472.85 (175.68,1481.25)

631.50 (188.50,1874.25)

0.92

Hospital length of stay (d), median (IQR)

16 (11, 31)

15 (11.25,30)

16 (11,34)

0.84

ICU admission, n (%)

75 (76.5%)

36 (73.5%)

39 (79.6%)

0.48

ICU length of stay (d), median (IQR)

8 (5,13)

9.5 (5.75,13.5)

8 (4.75,13.25)

0.28

RRT dependence at discharge date, n (%)

16 (16.33%)

8 (16.3%)

8 (16.3%)

1.00

Renal recovery at discharge date,

n (%)b

71 (72.45%)

33 (67.3%)

38 (77.6%)

0.37

  1. Significant values are shown in bold type, Data are shown as median (IQR) or mean (SD)
  2. AKI, acute kidney injury; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; ICU, intensive care unit; IQR, interquartile range; NGAL, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; RRT, renal replacement therapy; SD, standard deviation
  3. aEstimated GFR was calculated by the CKD-EPI creatinine Eq. (2009)
  4. bRenal recovery was defined as the serum creatinine level had returned to baseline or < 1.5 times from baseline and not ongoing need for RRT or currently receiving RRT
  5. cBaseline serum creatinine was missing for 5 patients (2 in comprehensive care and 3 in standard care)
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